1. The Industrial Revolution 1750s - 1914

2. Reading & Comprehension Quiz
What name is given to the new economic system that is based on the use of machines rather than human and animal power?
2. Where did this new economic system begin?
3. What was the enclosure movement?
4. The mass production of textiles by a combination of machines and workers together was what type of system?
5. What term is given to the movement of people from a rural area to a town or city?

3. Answers Industrialization Great Britain
Landowners fencing off common lands for farming
Factory System
Urbanization

4. Causes of the Industrial Revolution
Factor 1: “The Agricultural Revolution” In England
A. New Farming Methods:
B. Enclosure Movement: Fencing Land
Crop Rotation & The Seed Drill
Produce better quality food and more of it.
Selective breeding and fencing in animals
Result:
A. English Population Grows and life expectancy lengthens.
B. Peasants are forced off rural lands and move to towns and cities.

5. Factor 2: “The Cottage System” or Domestic System
A. Many men, women, and children skilled in spinning, weaving, and dying wool.
B. Rural homes become textile production sites during the non planting and harvesting months of the year.
C. Textile industry is successful and profitable.
D. New Machines are created that “speed up” Textile production Greatly!

6. 2. Capitol & Labor Factor 3: New Economic Conditions
Increase in Global Trade and a demand for manufactured goods and textiles.
New Economic Theory called capitalism
2. Capitol & Labor
A. Money: from New Farming Techniques & Colonial Trading to invest in manufacturing
B. Workers: Thousands of peasant farmers were forced off lands because of the enclosure movement

7. 3. Natural Resources: A. Running Water
England Had lots of “Running Water” Year Round! Rivers were used to powered the earliest textile mills.
B. Coal
_ England was full of coal which was used to power steam engines.
C. Iron _ England had lots or Iron Ore which is used to make steel!

8. 4. Markets: People to sell goods and services to
A new English Market because of population growth.
B. A global market to sell finished products too. Especially North & South American Colonies.
C. A big fleet of ships to transport their product around the world

9. ECONOMIC BOOM!!!
After the Industrial Revolution Started in England it spread to the United States, All of Europe, then Japan.
IT LED TO ALL OF THE FOLLOWING:
A. Economic Changes
B. Cultural / Social Changes
C. Political Changes

10. Economic changes started with the invention of MACHINES!
A. Textile Machines were built for spinning and weaving cloth goods
B. This revolutionized the textile industry

11. New Inventions:
A. Flying Shuttle: Doubled the amount of weaving a worker could do in one day
B. Spinning Jenny: Spin 8 threads at a time instead of 1
C. Water Frame: New Machine that powered textile machines
D. Power Loom: Water powered spinning machine that increased the speed of weaving cloth again
E. Cotton Gin: Cleaned cotton 50 times faster than a person could

12. Rise of the Factory
Increase demand for the new machines and their products led to the building of factories.
Because the new machines relied on water to power them the factories were built on rivers
All of the textile jobs once done in individuals homes were now done in factories

13. Steam Engine! Factories can be built away from waters sources.
This engine becomes the NEW power source for most factories
This engine runs on Coal
RESULT: A. Cheap to Power with Coal
B. New Transportation

14. Transportation The new steam engine led to the building of New
Steamboats= Building canals
2. Locomotives= Building more railways
3. The Railroad Boom increased the amount and speed of trade.
This created a demand for new railroad jobs and coal mining jobs!

15. Reading Pages 117-123 Review Quiz
1. What was the biggest change Industrialism brought to Europe?
The growth of cities -- or-- low prices for textiles
2. What term is the given to the Capital or money earned from the industrial production of products?
Industrial Capital -- or-- Return Investment
3. A business that involved two or more entrepreneurs is called a what?
Industry Union -- or -- Partnership
4. Why did people continue to want and compete for jobs at factories despite the bad working conditions?
Job Security -- or – Better Pay Checks

16. Review Quiz
5. What did factory workers do when they were unable to get working rights from factory owners? Create Trade Unions -- or – Quit their Jobs 6. The philosophy that society as a whole should own and control factories, land, raw materials, and business profits is called what? Capitalism – or --Socialism

17. Economic Change: Migration of people from Rural to Urban living
Division of Labor: Workers were assigned a specific task and did that same task the entire time they were at work.
Increased Production of manufactured goods
Mass production = more and cheaper goods for the population as a whole. ( ie poor people could afford to buy stuff now)

18. Working conditions in factories were long and dangerous and often resulted in injury.
No workers compensation or unemployment
NO WORK= NO MONEY
Factory workers made much more money than hired (tenant) farmers
Result: Families rarely saw each other anymore
Women and child labor increased
Men saw a small decrease in being able to find work to provide for their families.

19. Industrial Capitalism: Large amounts of goods produced resulted in lots of money for business owners and a large middle class
Free Enterprise: Investors and inventors could open and operate businesses and factories without government controlling their dealings
Organizing Business:
Partnerships: Investors build business together
Corporations: Businesses are owned by stockholders who require a profit

20. Social Change: Rise of an Industrial Working Class
Men, Women, Children work 16 hours a day 6 days a week
They do it because it pays more than farming
People work for a set wage without protection from injury
Negative Results: Family unit begins to break down, living conditions are bad, and alcoholism becomes a problem
Positive Results: Public Education , Hospitals, recreation,

21. Political Change:
Trade Unions are created: Unions were created among workers to protect wages , benefits, and working conditions
Strikes: Workers stop working to force factory owners to negotiate with them for their pay and worker rights
3. Socialism: A Society where the government should own and control all Means Of Production in Agriculture and Industry and what is produced, where money is invested , and control the flow of raw materials to businesses