Non-Communicable Diseases: Cancer

Non-Communicable Diseases: Cancer Target: I will be able to describe types, symptoms and treatments of cancer  Cancer: A group of diseases in which cells divide in an uncontrolled manner forming a tumor Tumors: An abnormal growth of tissue that can be benign or malignant Pg. 61

Benign: A tumor that is not cancerous and does not spread Ordinary-looking cells enclosed in a fibrous shell that prevents them from spreading to other body parts

Malignant: A tumor that is cancerous and may spread Not enclosed in protective shells; so they can metastasize to other body parts Metastasis: Cancer cells break away from a malignant tumor and enter the bloodstream or lymphatic system, spreading the cancer to other parts of the body

Hereditary factors you have little control over; they are in your genes Acquired (Environmental) Risk factors you have control over. They include: 1. Tobacco, Alcohol, and Drug use 2. Poor Nutrition 3. Physical Inactivity and Obesity 4. Exposure to certain infectious agents (toxic waste, asbestos, radon, pollution) 5. Exposure to UV rays (sunlight) and X-Rays

Classifications of Cancers: Carcinoma: Cancer of the (epithelial) tissue that forms the skin and linings of the body organs (forms solid tumors)

Skin Cancer: The most common form of cancer in the US today which consists of 3 different types (Basal Cell and Squamous Cell- both highly curable, and Melanoma- most deadly)

ABCDEs of Melanoma: Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter, Evolving

Oral and Lung Cancer: Tobacco and excessive use of alcohol = greatest cause Reproductive Cancers: Cervical, Ovarian, Uterine, Breast, Prostate, Testicular

Sarcoma: Cancer that develops in the mesodermal (middle) connective/supportive layers of tissue- such as bones, muscles and tendons (Forms solid tumors) Lymphoma: Cancer of the lymphatic system- the infection fighting regions of the body (Forms solid tumors)

Leukemia: Cancer of the blood-forming parts of the body; especially the spleen and bone marrow A nonsolid tumor characterized by an abnormal increase in white blood cells which weakens the body’s immune system

Fill in the blanks on the handout CAUTION (7 signs of Cancer): Change in bowel or bladder habits A sore that does not heal Unusual bleeding or discharge (bowel, bladder, uterus, or with coughing) Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere Indigestion or difficulty swallowing Obvious change in a wart or mole Nagging cough or hoarseness  

Treating Cancer: 1. Surgery: Remove tumors and affected area 2. Radiation: Treatment with high-energy radiation to kill or damage cancer cells. Performed by placing radioactive materials in or near the cancer sight 3. Chemotherapy: Treatment with anti-cancer drugs to help destroy malignant cells without severely damaging healthy cells; keeps cells from dividing Summary

Cancer: A close Reading Complete Cancer: A Close Reading Assignment by reading pages 368-370, 373-377, and 381-383 in Health Textbook (packet handed out in class), and completing both sides of the worksheet Pg. 60