American Nationalism and Economic Development

Essential Question 1. How did both nationalism and sectionalism emerge during the “Era of Good Feelings?”

The Era of Good Feelings Refers to Monroe’s two terms in office Period marked by nationalism and optimism Was it really an “era of good feelings?”

Economic Nationalism Henry Clay’s American System 3 parts: protective tariffs, National Bank and internal improvements Would help all regions Tariff of 1816 passed 2 nd National Bank chartered Madison and Monroe veto improvements

Second Bank of U.S. to blame American products were in high demand Farmers borrowed $ and expanded westward, and banks printed more $ to finance loans Demand eventually fell to normal levels, banks called in their loans Farmers could not repay loans  bankruptcies  banks closed  unemployment Panic of 1819

The Marshall Court John Marshall served as the chief justice from Many court cases increased the power of the federal governments over state governments - Nationalism

The Marshall Court cont. Fletcher v. Peck (1810) Martin v. Hunter’s Lease (1816) Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819) McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Cohens v. Virginia (1821) Gibbons v. Ogden (1821)

Westward Expansion Better roads and canals, steamboats and railroad Lands open for settlement as Indian tribes had been pushed west New immigrants were offered cheap land Economic pressures

There was an even number of slave and non slave states in the U.S. 11/11 More representatives in the House from northern states 1819 Missouri applied for admission into the Union Missouri Applies for Statehood

Tallmadge Amendment NY representative proposes amendment to bill for Missouri’s admission Prohibits further introduction of slaves into Missouri Requires children of slaves to be emancipated at age 25 Tallmadge

Henry Clay of Kentucky proposed a compromise 1. Admit Missouri as a slave state 2. Admit Maine as a free state 3. Prohibit slavery in the rest of the Louisiana territory north of latitude 36 degrees 30 minutes Missouri Compromise (1820) Henry Clay

Rush-Bagot Agreement (1817) limited naval armament on Great Lakes and border fortifications Treaty of 1818: Joint occupation of Oregon territory, shared fishing rights off Newfoundland, 49 th parallel established for U.S. and Canada boundary line Canada

Spain could not keep Indians from raiding U.S. territory General Andrew Jackson invades Florida Adams-Onis Treaty - John Quincy Adams works out a deal where Spain ceded Florida to the U.S. and the U.S. gives up claims to Texas Adams Florida

Monroe Doctrine Context? Part of an address President James Monroe gave to congress in 1823 This was Sec. of State John Quincy Adams idea “The American continents…are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers…” Monroe Adams

Referred to as America’s Self Defense Doctrine U.S. recognized existing European Colonies U.S. will stay out of European affairs No European interference in the Americas U.S. protector of new democracies in the Western Hemisphere