CS : Speech, NLP and the Web/Topics in AI Pushpak Bhattacharyya CSE Dept., IIT Bombay Lecture-19: Speech: Phonetics (Using Ananthakrishnan’s presentation for the first part)

Morphology to Phonology: an exercise The plural morpheme: -s: –/s/ (cats) –/z/ (dogs) –/iz/ (bushes) Which sound occurs where?

Phonetics The study of speech sounds Articulatory Acoustic Auditory Phonology: the structure and patterning of sounds Phonetic Transcription: A writing system for representing speech sounds

The need for phonetic transcription English Spelling Put/Putt Car/Kite Rough/Puff Fish can be spelt ‘ghoti’. How? A language for talking about other/newly discovered languages New languages are discovered very frequently

Classification Manner of articulation Place of articulation Voicedness

Stops /p/ - voiceless bilabial /b/ - voiced bilabial /t/ - voiceless alveolar /d/ - voiced alveolar /k/ - voiceless velar /g/ - voiced velar

Fricatives /f/ - ? /v/ /th/ /dh/ /s/ /sh/ /zh/ /h/

Affricates /ch/ - ? /jh/

Nasals /m/ - ? /n/ /ng/

The plural sound Cats, racks … /s/ dogs, rags … /z/ Bushes, classes … /iz/ Hypotheses?

A kudo to each of you! Kudos: pronounced with an /s/ sound at the end Misinterpreted as a plural One kudo, many kudos Pronunciation becomes kudo/z/!

Next Vowels

Thanks!