Objectives: Section 2: The Cold War Begins What caused the Cold War, and what was the U.S. strategy during the Cold War? How did the U.S. government try to control the development of atomic weapons? How did the Marshall Plan help block the spread of communism in Europe? How did the Western Allies respond to Soviet expansion?

The Cold War Section 2: The Cold War Begins Major economic, political, and philosophical differences between U.S. and Soviet Union made them enemies. As Soviet Union expanded, the United States responded with policy of containment.

What Is communism? A collective ideology- calls for the community ownership of land and productive properties (factories, mines, distribution chains etc…) Belief that individual holders of productive property use it to exploit working class Theories developed by Karl Marx- stage theory of communist revolutions based on assumptions Conflict between business class and workers must happen. Religion is a drug used by the privileged classes to keep control over workers A “Dictatorship of the Proletariat” would lead to a free classless society”

How Communism Worked in the First Communist State The Soviet Union became the first sustaining communist state in 1918. The Soviet communist government under Vladimir Lenin and Josef Stalin collectivized farms and took over industries. Economic production directed by government 5 year plans. Capitalism (production of goods and services motivated by profit) officially ended by Stalin All political opposition to communist party crushed Soviets eager to export communism

Control of atomic weapons Section 2: The Cold War Begins Control of atomic weapons Baruch Plan imposed penalties on countries that did not follow international rules. Atomic Energy Act created the Atomic Energy Commission in the United States to oversee research and promote peacetime uses of atomic energy.

Question to consider How might the nuclear technology developed in America to defeat the axis be a concern with its allies, especially the Soviet Union? How might the Soviet Union try to counter the nuclear capabilities of America?

The Marshall Plan Section 2: The Cold War Begins alleviated economic problems, making countries were less vulnerable to communism stabilized European economies led to European economic recovery

Western Allies’ responses to Soviet expansion Section 2: The Cold War Begins Western Allies’ responses to Soviet expansion created NATO created Federal Republic of Germany supplied West Berlin during Soviet blockade

The Berlin Crisis Berlin was occupied by the four allied powers Western part of the city: France, Britain and US Eastern part of city: USSR Western zones unite-This is opposed by the USSR USSR cut of western road access (autobahn) to Berlin June 24, 1948. Want the surrender of Western Berlin Western powers airlift over 2 million tons of supplies to Berlin Soviets end blockade by May 1949-Cold War Victory for The West

Question: How did the Western Allies try to limit Soviet expansion? SECTION 2 The Cold War Begins Question: How did the Western Allies try to limit Soviet expansion?

created NATO, a military alliance during Soviet blockade SECTION 2 The Cold War Begins created NATO, a military alliance Western Allies’ Responses to Soviet expansion created Federal Republic of Germany supplied West Berlin during Soviet blockade

The Cold War and America: The Twin Fears of communism and the Soviet Union Fear of Soviet Communism Fear that communism will spread around the world and isolate America. Fear that communist agents in America are plotting the overthrow of American democracy Fear of Nuclear War By 1947, America lost its nuclear monopoly Fear that the Soviet Union will use atomic weapons against the United States in its attempt to spread communism American communities prepared for the possibility of nuclear war