History Mindset  What is the definition of revolution?

Industrial Revolution “Blood, Sweat, & Gears”

What do you notice?

Main Idea  Industrial Revolution: A gradual shift in the way people lived and worked.  Production shifted from hand tools to machines.

Beginning  The Industrial Revolution began in ENGLAND around 1750 and spread to the rest of Western Europe and the United States.

Why England? Because England has what it takes to industrialize… natural resources, energy sources, money, people, stable government….

Why England? 1. Natural Resources: England has large supply of coal and iron ore

Why England 2. Location: An island  easy access to the sea, many natural harbors and navigable rivers

Why England? 3. Wealth: Church of England encouraged wealth so entrepreneurs (people who invested in new businesses) had money to invest in new inventions

Why England? 4. Workers Enclosure Movement: Landlords fenced-in their lands and replaced people with sheep

Enclosure Movement  Process of enclosure sped up in the 1700s because farmers wanted to take advantage of new farming methods

BEFORE the Industrial Revolution  Agricultural Revolution: improvements in farming methods that occurred before the IR  Crop Rotation improved soil fertility  Improved Agricultural created a surplus of food, which led to a population increase  more people to work!

BEFORE the Industrial Revolution  Cottage Industries: People made things by hand at home  People supported themselves, self- sufficient  More people live in rural (country settings)

Early Industrial Revolution  The first industry to industrialize is the TEXTILE industry  Due to machines that make clothing 1764: Hargreaves invents Spinning Jenny, work 8 threads at once

Why Britain?  Industrialization needs a large labor supply. A better food supply led to the biggest population growth:  : pop. doubled!  This increased demand for manufactured goods.  Agricultural productivity increased because of enclosure: farmers could make land more productive, introduced new crops

In order to industrialize, a nation must  a democratic government  a large amount of natural resources  a existing wealth  an adequate food supply

Inventions of the Industrial Revolution

Main Idea technology science and medicine Advancements in technology produced the Industrial Revolution, while advancements in science and medicine altered the lives of people living in the new industrial cities. Cultural changes soon followed.

James Hargreaves  Invented the Spinning Jenny

James Watt  Invented the STEAM ENGINE

Eli Whitney  Invented the COTTON GIN

Peak of Industrialization (mid 1800s)  More inventions such as steel and iron  More things are made by machines  Factories develop (a large building in which machinery is used to manufacture goods)  More people move to the city

Result of the Industrial Revolution  concentration of workers in urban areas  increased desire of the wealthy class to share its power  formation of powerful craft guilds  control of agricultural production by governments

Results of Industrial Revolution 1. Urbanization: building of cities and people moving to cities 2. Population increase 3. Increased standards of living for many but not all 4. Increased education

Results of Industrial Revolution 5.Environmental pollution  Air and water

Results of Industrial Revolution 6. Dissatisfaction of working class with working conditions 7. Growth of the middle class (social class made up of skilled workers, professionals, business- people, and wealthy farmers)

Results of Industrial Revolution 8. Improved transportation  Invention of cars, trains, steam boats….  Steam engine revolutionized transportation, factories and improved iron production

BIG Effect of Industrial Revolution  As countries used up their own natural resources there was an increased demand for raw materials from the Americas, Asia, and Africa. IMPERIALISM