Imperialism and Progressivism Unit 5

Becoming a World Power Chapter 14 Section

American Diplomacy in Asia The Open Door Policy ◦China and Japan went to war over Korea ◦Japan easily won and Korea was granted its independence ◦Russia is concerned about Japan’s rising power ◦Sphere of Influence – area where a foreign nation controlled economic development such as a railroad or mining

American Diplomacy in Asia Boxer Rebellion ◦Secret Chinese societies organized ◦The Society of Harmonious Fists (Boxers)  The group wanted to destroy both the foreign devils and their Christian converts  Killed more than 200 foreigners ◦ A German ambassador to China was killed ◦ This angered European countries and they sent troops to China  John Hay (Secretary of State) convinced the participating powers to accept compensation from China

An American Diplomacy Open Door Policy ◦All countries would be allowed to trade with China ◦All the nations agreed to accept the Open Door Policy ◦Is everybody happy with the open door policy?? Who is/not?

Roosevelt’s Diplomacy 1900 – McKinley was re-elected to the presidency but was shot in 1901 Theodore Roosevelt took over the presidency ◦42 years old – youngest president to ever take office ◦Big imperialistic person ◦Accepted the idea of Anglo-Saxonism and the need to spread this belief

Roosevelt’s Diplomacy Balancing Power in East Asia ◦Roosevelt supported the open door policy ◦Japan and Russia had been fighting over land so the United States steps in to help stop the arguments ◦During a peace conference Russia agreed to recognize Japan’s land and Japan had to agree not to take any more land ◦How do you think Japan feels about this agreement? About the US?

Roosevelt’s Diplomacy The Panama Canal ◦“Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick”  Spread our image and our power to the world ◦Roosevelt wanted a canal that would allow the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean to meet ◦But we have got one big problem...

Roosevelt’s Diplomacy The Panama Canal ◦The US and GB had agreed not to build a canal without the other knowing about it ◦Hay-Paunceforte Treaty – gave the United States exclusive rights to build a canal through Central America ◦Secretary of State – John Hay offered Columbia $10 million and a yearly rent of $250,000 ◦Columbia refused the money

Roosevelt Diplomacy The Panama Canal ◦Panama hates being ruled by the Columbians ◦Roosevelt orders ten warships of the coast of Panama ◦Panama’s citizens revolt against the Columbian government ◦US Citizens protested because of the underhandedness that took place

Roosevelt Diplomacy The Roosevelt Corollary ◦Americans were becoming concerned about the debts that Latin America owed to European banks ◦Roosevelt Corollary – the United States would intervene in Latin America affairs when necessary to maintain economic and political stability in the Western Hemisphere

Roosevelt Diplomacy Dollar Diplomacy ◦William Taft became president after Roosevelt stepped down ◦Taft supported less of military force and more on helping industry ◦American businesses should increase their trade and profits then countries in Latin America would rise out of poverty and social disorder

Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Mexico 1912 – Woodrow Wilson is elected President Wilson opposed imperialism The Mexican Revolution ◦Mexico had become increasingly industrialized ◦Most citizens remained poor and landless ◦Victoriano Huerta took control of Mexico ◦Wilson did not like Huerta and Wilson believed that with the United States’ help Huerta could be overthrown

Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Mexico Wilson Sends Troop Into Mexico ◦April 1914 American Sailors were arrested after entering a restricted area ◦Americans demanded an apology ◦Wilson asked for authority to use force to remove Huerta and Congress granted it ◦Anti-American riots broke out in Mexico ◦Pancho Villa and a group of guerillas burned the town of Columbus, New Mexico, and killed 16 Americans

Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Mexico Pancho Villa ◦After the attacks the United States sent 6,000 Troops under General John J. Pershing were ordered to capture Villa ◦The hunt dragged on and Wilson became more concerned about the war in Europe ◦Wilson recalled Pershing’s troops ◦Villa was never captured

Woodrow Wilson’s Diplomacy in Mexico Wilson’s Mexican policy damaged US foreign relations Wilson ended up following Roosevelt’s examples dealing with imperialism