1. Teddy and the World Section 4: World Power
1901 TR becomes pres when McKinley shot
Likes to get involved in world affairs

2. Roosevelt's “Big Stick” Diplomacy
American Action
Consequence of that Action
1. Treaty of Portsmouth is negotiated. →
2. U.S. warships used to ensure Panama’s independence.
3. Panama Canal is built.
4. Roosevelt Corollary is adopted.

3. 1904 Russia and Japan at war
Japan approaches TR and asks him to end the war
Meetings took place at Portsmouth, N.H.
Portsmouth Treaty won TR the Nobel Peace Prize

4. TR and others thought we needed a Canal connecting Atlantic and Pacific
Different places we could build, but French had started one in Panama, failed
Panama Canal

5. Panama Canal
1 problem: Columbia controlled Panama and did not want to give up land to US
TR and Bunau-Varilla “arranged” a revolution against Columbia
US warships pointed their guns at Columbia as a threat if they stopped the Panamanians from their revolution
US would pay 10 million up front and 250,000 a year to Panama for use of Canal

6. Panama Canal Still had to be built
Disease, soft soil, hard to get good workers
43,400 employed at one time!
August 1914 open for business
Good for US business, but bad feelings between Latin American countries and US. Would they be next?

7. Roosevelt Corollary
TR worried that Latin American countries might be taken over by European countries, especially those with bad economies
1820’s Monroe Doctrine had told Europe to stay out of our hemisphere
1904 TR reminds Europe to stay out with the Roosevelt Corollary: Just a reminder that US will protect Latin America and use force to bring peace. “Speak softly and carry a big stick”

8. Dollar Diplomacy
Taft did not like TR’s threatening approach and tried a different one
He lent money to countries in trouble to get them back on their feet by getting new businesses in their countries.
He felt they would like us better if we helped them grow, rather then threaten their enemies
Sometimes he used troops, but tried not too

9. Woodrow Wilson Wilson replaced Taft and had new ideas
He felt that the US would only help countries that had good moral governments: Treated their people well
Wanted more countries to get a Democratic government and we would help them
Mexico put him to the test

10. Wilson’s “Missionary” Diplomacy
American Action
Consequence of that Action
1. Wilson uses minor incident with Mexico as an excuse to occupy Veracruz. →
2. Wilson recognizes the Carranza government.
3. Wilson refuses Carranza’s demand to withdraw U.S. troops sent into Mexico to capture Villa.

11. Mexico Mexico had a dictator for many years: Diaz
Friendly to US, but not to his own people
1911 poor in Mexico led by Madero revolted and won, but only lasted a couple of years
1913 new president: Huerta. Wilson did not like him, so he did not recognize him as the leader

12. US intervenes in Mexico
Wilson waited for a moment he could challenge Huerta
Tampico: 1914 US sailors arrested but let go quickly
Wilson sends Marines to Mexico
We almost went to war
ABC powers stopped war, got rid of Huerta
New president: Carranza, Wilson OK with this, but not the Mexican people

13. Rebellion in Mexico
Pancho Villa and Zapata not agree with Carranza and wanted him out
Villa had been a friend of US before
Villa attacked US miners on way to Mexico, and invaded New Mexico killing US citizens
Wilson had to send US army under Pershing to chase
Carranza not like US troops in Mexico so his army and US clash
Just about to go to war and WWI breaks out