Living From the Land Industrial Revolution: A Harsh Way of Life Pre-Industrial Revolution -Farming = Death Rate – London – Conditions written about in the stories and novels of Village Life Wealthy control Results = 1) 2) Joint crops No fences = Graze livestock Draw here a typical farming community in pre-Industrial Revolution Europe: Village Life (cont.) Self-sufficiency Rich landowners – Poorer villagers Center of life = Whole family contributed

Early Industries Making wool in the Merchant buys Mining coal Coal fields = Labor = Money from mining Draw a diagram for the “cottage industry” (or domestic system” here: The Beginnings of Change Landowners want to - Enclosure Movement = Allows landowners to: Draw a crop rotation diagram here:

Great Britain Leads the Way Success in farming = Capital = Parliament passes laws to Natural resources Weather – Good for Iron Better farming = Farm machinery – Entrepreneurs = Growing Textile Industries Advances in machinery John Kay = James Hargreaves = Richard Awkright = Samuel Compton = Producing more cloth Edmund Cartwright = Eli Whitney = Invention of The Factory System Cloth production More sources of energy need to run factories James Watt = Set Industrial Revolution in

Industrial Developments Henry Bessemer and William Kelly = Improvements to Thomas Telford and John McAdam = Canals Robert Fulton = Richard Trevithick = Spread of Industry Great Britain – Industrialization spreads to France – Why? = Germany = United States Where? Three most industrialized nations = The Growth of Big Business Adam Smith Free enterprise = Industrial capitalism = Mass Production Eli Whitney = Frederick Taylor = Henry Ford = Organizing Business Partnerships Corporations Stockholders and shares Became

Science and Industry Communications Samuel Morse = James Clerk Maxwell = Guglielmo Marconi = Alexander Graham Bell = Electricity Thomas Edison = Energy and Engines Gottlieb Daimler = Rudolf Diesel = Ferdinand von Zeppelin = Wilbur and Orville Wright = A New Society The Rise of the Middle Class Before industrialization: After industrialization: Education = Middle class lifestyles – Men = Women = Magazines Boys = Girls =

Lives of the Working Class At the mercy of machinery Division of labor - Lost limbs Rigid schedules – Very low wages Workers lives Children – Women – Cold, crowded Poor hygiene – High infant Lives of the Working Class Workers unite Labor unions – Union tactics Stikes, Opposition from Parliament – 1820’s – Collective bargaining = Membership continued