Overview Mental illnesses are biologically based brain disorders. They cannot be overcome through "will power" and are not related to a person's "character" or intelligence. The economic cost of untreated mental illness is more than 100 billion dollars each year in the United States. Mental disorders are the leading cause of disability (lost years of productive life) in the North America, Europe and, increasingly, in the world.

2/28/ Anxiety Anxiety Disorder 40 million Americans (compared to 19 million in 2001) Recent study of 63,700 college students found that five times as many have anxiety disorders as in the past. Women are leading the way in new diagnosis, complicated by societal changes as well as hormonal changes ** Based on information from Anxiety Disorders Association of America

Anxiety Disorders Many people experience Anxiety at various life events/stressors Symptoms Racing heart, increased perspiration, knots in stomach/head, nervousness energy, constant worry, fatigue, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance, feeling wound up Panic Attacks Feel as if throat is closing or tightness in chest, mimic a heart attack,, dizziness, difficulty concentrating, shallow breathing Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

Symptoms of Depression Sad Mood, crying spells, weight loss/gain, appetite changes, increased or decreased need for sleep, getting out of bed, poor attendance at work/school, difficulty concentrating, restlessness, irritability, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, isolation, fatigue, thoughts of death or suicide Symptoms last for at least 2 weeks or longer

Depression (continued) Can happen at any time in a persons life Can be hereditary (chemical imbalance) or brought on by certain life stressors Additional factors influencing depression: Low self esteen Personality type Environmental factors- violence, poverty, abuse

2/28/ Bipolar Disorder Includes Episodes of Depression and Mania Depressive episodes last for at least two weeks and represent a change in functioning Same criteria as episode of major depression: sad mood, loss of interest, guilty feelings, energy loss, poor concentration, increased or decreased appetite, suicidal thoughts Mania must be present for at least one week to meet criteria and includes grandiosity, decreased need for sleep

Bipolar Disorder Mania (cont.) -hyper-talkative -racing thoughts -easily distracted -psychomotor agitation -high risk behaviors.

When is Depression/ Bipolar Disorder an Emergency If symptoms are severe Person is impaired –not eating or sleeping for days Not caring for basic needs or needs of children If person is talking about doing dangerous acts If a person is talking about death, dying, or suicide, I dont want to be around anymore

Link between Pain and Depression/Anxiety Pain and Depression have deep connections in the human brain and many women who experience one will also feel the other. Women dealing with chronic pain run three times the risk of developing depression or anxiety. Women with depression have three times the risk of chronic pain.

Questions to Ask How can I help you? Did anything occur recently to affect your mood? How are you feeling right now? How long have you felt this way? Have you ever seen a doctor for this? Do you feel in danger right now? Do you feel like hurting yourself or anyone else? If yes, ask specific questions about plan and means to complete plan. Immediate Detention/CIT

Treatments Available Medication ECT Self Care Exercise, Nutrition, Therapy for past trauma, etc. Develop support systems, Break down big tasks into small Steps, Pace self, Self talk

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