Cardiovascular system

 Angiitis The inflammation of a blood or lymph vessel  Angina A condition of episodesof severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium  Angiostenosis The abnormal narrowing of a blood vessel

 Aneurysm A localized weak spot, or balloon-like enlargement, of the wall of an artery  Aneurysmectomy The surgical removal of an aneurysm

 Arrhythmia Describes an abnormality, or the loss of the normal rhythm, of the heart  Arteriectomy The surgical removal the surgical removal of part of an artery

 Endocarditis An inflammation of the inner lining of the heart  Bacterial endocarditis An inflammation of the lining or valves of the heart caused by the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream

 Plaque A fatty deposit that is similar to the buildup of rust inside a pipe  Atheroma A deposit of plaque on or within the arterial wall  Atherosclerosis Hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by a buildup of cholesterol plaque on the interior walls of the arteries  Arteriosclerosis Any of a group of diseases characterized by thickening and the loss of elasticity of arterial walls

 Cardiac catheterization A diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery and then guided into the heart  Atherectomy The surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior of an artery

 Hypertension The elevation of arterial blood pressure to a level that is likely to cause damage to the cardiovascular system  Hypotension Lower than normal arterial blood pressure  Orthostatic hypotension Low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up

 Systolic The blood pressure when the heart is contracting. It is specifically the maximum arterial pressure during contraction of the left ventricle of the heart. The time at which ventricular contraction occurs is called systole.  Diastolic Referring to the time when the heart is in a period of relaxation and dilatation (expansion).

 Tachycardia An abnormally rapid resting heart rate  Bradycardia An abnormally slow resting heart rate  Cardiac arrest An event in which the heart abruptly stops or develops a very abnormal arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood

 Ischemia A condition in which there is an insufficient oxygen supply due to a restricted blood flow to a part of the body  Ischemic heart disease A group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart

 Pericardium The double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart  Pericarditis An inflammation of the pericardium that causes an accumulation of fluid within the pericardial sac  Phlebitis The inflammation of a vein

 Thrombus A blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein  Thrombosis The abnormal condition of having a thrombus  Coronary thrombosis Damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery

 Deep vein thrombosis The condition of having a thrombus attached to the wall of a deep vein  Embolism The sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus  Embolus A foreign object, such as a blood clot, quantity of air or gas, or a bit of tissue or tumor that is circulating in the blood

 Cardiomegaly The abnormal enlargement of the heart  Cardiomyopathy The term used to describe all diseases of the heart muscle  Carditis An inflammation of the heart  Coronary arteries Supply oxygen-rich blood to the myocardium  Coronary artery disease Atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle