1. Disease/Disorders of the Heart

2. Arrhythmia/
dysrrhythmia
Bradycardia
Tachycardia
Any change from normal heart rate or rhythm
Slow heart rate
(<60 )
Rapid heart rate
(>100 )

3. Coronary Artery Disease
Angina Pectoris: Chest pain, caused by lack of oxygen to heart muscle, treat with nitroglycerin to dilate coronary arteries.
Edema fluid in tissues, often caused by poor circulation
                           

4. Myocardial Infarction
MI or Heart Attack
Lack of blood supply to the myocardium causes damage.
Due to blockage of coronary artery or blood clot
Amount of damage depends on size of area deprived of oxygen

5. Myocardial Infarction cont.
Symptoms: severe chest pain radiating to left arm, shoulder, arm, neck, and jaw, also nausea, diaphoresis, dyspnea
Immediate medical care is critical
RX bedrest, oxygen, medication
Morphine for pain tPA to dissolve the clot
Anticoagulant therapy to prevent further clots
Angioplasty and by-pass surgery may be necessary

6. Vascular Diseases Aneurysm Arteriosclerosis Atherosclerosis
Hypertension
Hypotension
Embolism
Varicose veins

7. Disorders of the Blood Vessels
Aneurysm: ballooning of an artery, thinning and weakening
Arteriosclerosis: arterial walls thicken, lose elasticity
Atherosclerosis: fatty deposits form on walls of arteries

8. Aneurysm

9. Low blood pressure systolic <100
Hypertension
High blood pressure
Silent Killer usually no symptoms
Leads to strokes, heart attacks, kidney failure
Higher in African Americans and post-menopausal women
Risk factors=smoking , overweight, stress, high fat diets, family history
Treatment relaxation, low fat diet exercise weight loss, medication
Hypotension
Low blood pressure systolic <100

10. Varicose veins swollen, distended veins heredity or due to posture, prolonged periods of standing, physical exertion, age and pregnancy
Embolism is a traveling blood clot

11. Diagnosis and Treatment
Electrocardiogram
Coronary Bypass
AED
Defibrillation
CPR
Artificial Pacemaker
Angiogram

12. Electrocardiogram
Electrical Tracing of the heart

13. Heart Surgery
Coronary By-pass usually a healthy vein from the leg removed and attached before and after the coronary obstruction creating an alternate route for blood supply to the myocardium.

14. AED Automated External Defibrillator
Defibrillation – electrical shock to bring the heart back to a normal rhythm.
CPR- cardiopulmonary resuscitation, used in presence of cardiac arrest.

15. Artificial Pacemaker: when the heart has conduction (electrical impulse) defect
demand pacemaker-fires only when heart rate drops below programmed minimum
Causes heart to contract

16. Angiogram
X-ray of a blood vessel using dye.

17. Website Surgery Game http://www.abc.net.au/science/lcs/heart.htm

18. The End