EOC Review What did Thomas Edison invent? How did the inventions of the telephone and telegraph change peoples lives? Why was the US called a “melting pot” during this period of immigration? What facility did all European Immigrants come through? What political party was nativist and what was their major issue? Where did the immigrants live and where did they work? Explain the working conditions for these factories? What was the purpose of the Hull House? Who designed Central Park? What did the people in the city do for entertainment?
Becoming an Industrial Society (1877-1900) Objective 5.01 Evaluate the influence of immigration and rapid industrialization on urban life
Immigration - Northwestern Europe Old Immigrants -(Britain, France, Irish, Spain) - Old Colonies New Immigrants - Southeastern Europe - (Austria, Italy, Balkans) -20 million (1870-1920) - US pop. 38 million 1870 -US pop. 106 million in 1920 Chinese and Japanese Immigrants - 500,000 - came for California gold rush - worked on Transcontinental Railroad
Immigration Ellis Island(European Immigrants) -Ellis Island- New York Harbor -Immigrants had to pass inspection before they could enter in the US -Had to be examined by a doctor -Document inspection _Between 1892-1924 17 million immigrants passed through Ellis Island
Angel Island (Asians) Immigration - Angel Island in San Francisco Bay - Mainly Chinese pass - Had to pass Inspection - 500,000 new immigrants - set up Chinatowns Chinese Exclusion Act - tried to keep out all Chinese except students, and diplomats - Shows rise in nativism
Immigration Dumbbell tenements Jacob Riis - Author - cheap housing -Small, Cramped - built in cities - used by immigrants - looked like a dumbbell Jacob Riis - Author -“ How the Other Half Lives” - exposing harshness of immigrant life
Dumbbell Tenements
“Dumbbell”
Tenement Slum Living
Tenement Slum Living
Mulberry Street – “Little Italy”
Jacob Riis' How the Other Half Lives (1890)
Immigration Immigrant Life - worked in factories -mainly sweat shops - long hours, poor wages, harsh working conditions Triangle Shirtwaist Fire -146 Workers killed after fire broke out -Doors were chained shut -Changed policy on working conditions
Sweatshops
Average Shirtwaist Worker’s Week Total employees, men and women 82,360 51 hours or less 4,554 5% 52-57 hours 65,033 79% 58-63 hours 12,211 15% Over 63 hours 562 1% Total employees, men and women 82,360
Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910
Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910
Typical NYC Sweatshop, 1910
- set up in cities to entertain the populations Leisure time in Cities Amusement Parks - set up in cities to entertain the populations - Playgrounds, parks - Rollercoasters - first Ferris Wheel 1893 Frederick Law Olmstead - designed Central Park (NY) - White House, Biltmore Spectator Sports - Baseball - Prize fighting (Boxing) - Rise of professional sports
What did we learn today? Old Immigrants New Immigrants Entrance Port Europe Asia Northwestern Europe Britain, France etc Old Immigrants no significant number Southeastern Europe Italy, Austia, etc New Immigrants China, Japan Entrance Port Ellis Island Angel Island Number of Immigrants 20 million 500,000 American Coast East Coast New York, NJ West Coast, San Fran, LA
Questions Which part of Europe did New Immigrants come from? Which inspection point did immigrants from Europe travel through? Which inspection point did immigrants from Asia travel through? What did the people in the cities do for entertainment? About how many immigrants came in to America during this period of New Immigration?
Vocabulary Ellis Island Angel Island Dumbbell Tenements Jacob Riis Frederick Law Olmstead