Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.1 Chapter 6: Nonverbal Communication

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.2 Quotable Quote “He that has eyes to see and ears to hear may convince himself that no mortal can keep a secret. If his lips are silent, he chatters with his finger tips; betrayal oozes out of him at every pore.” Sigmund Freud

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.3 Nonverbal Communication Definition Message components other than words that generate meaning  percent of meaning may be nonverbal  Nonverbal communication is multidimensional  Nonverbal communication Includes physical appearance, body movement, facial expressions, touch, vocal characteristics, vocal tone, etc.

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.4 Nonverbal Communication Is

Match the Nonverbal Quality Nonverbal is: A.Convincing B.Continuous C.Less Structured D.Highly Contextual E.Learned Informally Examples: __ 1. I took off my hat because everyone else did. __2. I knew she was very upset because she cried. __3. How did he know I didn’t like the idea; I never said a word. __4. I though the wink meant she agreed with me. __5. I guess it was wrong to laugh during the film’s death scene. Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.5

6 Nonverbal Behavior Can... –Repeat verbal messages Visually repeat a verbal message –Complement verbal messages Consistent with the verbal message –Accent verbal messages Emphasize important elements in a message by highlighting its focus or emotional content

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.7 -Regulate verbal messages Manage the flow of a conversation -Substitute for verbal messages Takes the place of verbal language -Contradict verbal messages Conflicts with the meaning of spoken words Nonverbal Behavior Can...

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.8 PowerPoint Quiz When you wave hello or goodbye to someone, you are using nonverbal communication to... A.repeat a verbal message. B.complement a verbal message. C.accent a verbal message. D.regulate a verbal message. E.substitute for a verbal message.

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.9 Expectancy Violation Theory Your expectations about nonverbal behavior affect how you interact with others and how you interpret the meaning of nonverbal messages. Examples of Expectancy Violation Not facing forward in a crowded elevator _____________________________________

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.10 Types of Nonverbal Communication Nonverbal Communication Physical Appearance Vocal Expression Time Body Movement SilenceAttractiveness GesturesSpaceEnvironment Eye BehaviorDistanceClothing & Accessories

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.11 Physical Appearance Provide examples of how physical appearance affects communication Attractiveness: _________________________ _______________________________________ Clothing and Accessories: ______________ Hair: __________________________________ Tattoos and Body Piercings: ____________ _______________________________________

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.12 Tattoos and Body Piercings Many people have negative perceptions of employees who display tattoos or body piercings at work. Most employees with tattoos or body piercings conceal them on the job. BUT percent of year olds now have tattoos—making them middle class consumer items rather than acts of rebellion.

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.13 Gesture Examples Types Emblems Illustrators Adaptors Examples 1.Making the okay sign 2.Expresses the same meaning as a word in a particular culture 1. Holding up two fingers and saying “She called twice” 2. Used with a verbal message that would lack meaning without the words 1.Pounding your first in anger 2.Habitual gestures that help manage and express emotions

Types of Gestures Which type of gesture has the following characteristics? A. Has the same meaning as a word? B. Used with a verbal message that would lack meaning without the word? C. Habitual action that helps manage and express emotions? Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.14

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.15 Facial Expressions We can produce more than 1,000 different facial expressions. Facial expressions allow non-speakers to contribute to conversations. Lack of eye contact may be seen as rudeness, nervousness, or dishonesty. Eye contact norms are culturally determined. Eye contact influences interaction.

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.16 Adapting Facial Expressions Masking: Conceals true emotions with false facial expressions Example: __________ Neutralization: Shows no emotion Example: __________ Intensification: Exaggerates facial expressions Example: __________ Deintensification: Reduces emotional facial expressions Example: __________

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.17 Eye Behavior Eye contact can... aid comprehension. signify status or leadership. express emotion. indicate a willingness to communicate. Fill in the Blank: When we try to understand what someone is saying, most of us will look at a speaker more than _____ percent of the time.

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.18 Vocal Expressiveness Volume – refers to the loudness of your voice Pitch- refers to how high or low your voice sounds Word Stress – refers to the “degree of prominence given to a syllable within a word or words within a phrase.” Give three different meanings to each sentence by stressing the word in italics: –I was born in New Jersey.

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.19 The Dark Side of Nonverbal Behavior Each year, approximately 1.5 million women and 800,000 men are victims of violence from an intimate partner. Women hit men as often as men hit women. Each year, 15% of homicides in the workplace are committed by co-workers.

Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.20 Territoriality The sense of personal ownership that is attached to a particular space Examples Your usual seat in a classroom or meeting room Marking your territory with objects (purse, book, coat, food)

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Copyright ©2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.22 Improve Your Nonverbal Communication Be Other-Oriented: Give serious attention to, concern for, and interest in other communicators. Use Immediacy Strategies: Be open and approachable. –Use direct eye contact –Use natural body movements and vocal variety –Maintain closer physical distance