Verbals and Verbal Phrases

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Presentation transcript:

Verbals and Verbal Phrases

What is a Verbal? Verbals are formed from verbs, however, they do not function as verbs in a sentence. They function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs. There are THREE types of verbals: Participles Gerunds Infinitives

Participles and Participial Phrases A participle is a verb form that is used as an adjective. The rapidly developing storm kept small boats in port. Developing rapidly, the storm kept small boats in ports. The storm, developing rapidly, kept small boats in port.

Present and Past Participles The present participle is a verb form ending in -ing that is used as an adjective. developing, crying, barking The past participle is a verb form ending in –ed, -d, -t, -en, or –n. asked, saved, dealt, eaten, seen “The puppies, exhausted, collapsed in the grass.”

Gerunds Gerunds are verb forms that end in –ing that are used as nouns only. Walking is healthful exercise. Good writing comes from much practice. They do not appreciate my singing. We were fined for parking there.

Infinitives Infinitives are verbals that can be used as a noun or an adjective or an adverb. Infinitives are the base verb form preceded by “to” to study, to write, to hope, to be

Infinitives as Nouns Usually, infinite verbals are nouns. To leave would be rude. To leave is the subject of the sentence. No one wants to stay. To stay is the direct object of the sentence. Her goal is to win. To win is the predicate noun in the sentence. But they can also be used as modifiers (adjectives and adverbs)…..

Infinitives used as modifiers She is the candidate to watch. To watch modifies candidate and is an adjective. We came to cheer. To cheer modifies came and is an adverb.