CONSTITUTIONALISM & REPUBLICS APEH, chapter 16

Bellringer  On a separate sheet of paper…  Summarize how the Netherland’s gained their independence  List four things you know about the development of England

Golden Age of Dutch Republic

How did Dutch spend new wealth?

ENGLAND EElizabeth died with no heir MMary Queen of Scots (Elizabeth’s cousin) was put to death for trying to overthrow Elizabeth HHer son was King of Scotland (James I) JJames I ( ) FFirst Stuart to rule BBelieved firmly in DIVINE RIGHT and ABSOLUTE MONARCHY TTrouble with Parliament Country in debt, viewed as “outsider” from Scotland

James I

ENGLAND

Charles I AAt first he acquiesced TTaxed without permission DDismisses Parliament when they become outraged 1 : Charles ruled without Parliament GGentry opposed attempts to raise taxes without parliament AAdded MORE ritual to church ceremonies- angering puritans

ENGLAND 11640: Charles I in debt thanks to rebellions in Scotland HHas to reconvene Parliament to ask for money LLong Parliament – didn’t disband for 20 years LLimitation on royal authority TTriennial Act- Parliament must meet at least once every three years

PPuritans moved to abolish the appointment of bishops in Anglican Church CCharles I led troops into House of Commons to arrest Puritan leaders for Treason AAlready escaped CCharles’ intentions shown: to take back power PParliament rises up against king CCharles I supported by people 11642: Civil War began!

English Civil War ( ) RROYALISTS: nobles who supported king RROUNDHEADS: supporters of Parliament PPuritans (New Model Army)  Merchants, some upper classes LLed by: OLIVER CROMWELL

ENGLAND RRoyalist Army outmatched 11646, surrender PPhase Two begins when Charles flees OOliver Cromwell dismisses all Parliament members who disagree with him ““Rump Parliament”

RRump Parliament tries Charles I for treason CCharles refuses to recognize Parliament’s authority 11649: Found guilty, Executed in front of own palace

Lord Protector Cromwell ( )

ENGLAND RRESTORATION CCromwell dies, son weak leader PParliament reconvenes and vote to bring back monarchy 11660: Parliament invites Charles’ son to be king

Restoration & Charles II CCharles II ( ) Supported religious toleration Habeas Corpus Act of 1679 “may you have body” Guarantees right to appear in court to see if accused should be held or released Charles being presented the first pineapple grown in England Columbian Exchange!

ENGLAND JJAMES II CCharles II brother HHad two protestant daughters, Mary and Anne 11688: James and second wife gave birth to a Catholic son! GGLORIOUS REVOLUTION 1688: Nobles invited James’ daughter Mary and her husband William of Orange to become King & Queen

Glorious Revolution

Response to Revolution Thomas Hobbes ( )John Locke ( )