1. The Struggle for Power in England

2. E.Q. 4: What type of government did Britain have and how was it challenged during the Stuart dynasty? Key Terms: constitutional monarchy, Elizabeth I, Tudor, James I, Stuart, Charles I, Puritans, Petition of Rights, English Civil Wars, Cavaliers, Roundheads, Oliver Cromwell, Restoration, Charles II, James II, Glorious Revolution, English Bill of Rights

3. Constitutional Monarchy Limits are placed on the power of the king Magna Carta, 1215 Parliament— legislative body in Britain, passes laws, raises taxes

4. Magna Carta Video

5. Elizabeth I, 1588 – 1603 Few struggles w/ Parliament Popular & successful Died w/o an heir, last of Tudor dynasty Throne went to nearest male relative

6. Stuart Dynasty, 1603 – 1688 Ruled England after the Tudor dynasty James I, 1603 – 1625 (Elizabeth’s 2nd cousin) Believed in his divine right Bad relations w/ Parliament & Puritans

7. King James I

8. Puritans—members of Anglican Church who wanted to eliminate any Catholic influence As head of Church, James felt they were challenging his authority

9. Charles I, 1625 – 1649 (son of James I) Attempted to est. absolute monarchy Did not get along w/ Parliament or Puritans

10. Charles vs. Parliament Constantly asked for $, did not get it, would dissolve Parliament (refuse to allow it to meet) Would then get $ his own way, forcing loans, quartering soldiers, etc.

11. Petition of Right, 1628 Called Parliament 1628, asked for taxes Was forced to sign Petition of Right, another document that limited the king’s power No taxation w/o Parliament’s consent No imprisonment w/o just cause No quartering soldiers w/o subjects’ consent Signed Petition, got $, dissolved Parliament

12. Charles vs. Puritans Outlawed Puritan activities No spreading beliefs, no Puritan books Puritans were publicly whipped, executed Many migrated to America Also attacked Calvinist Scotland & Catholic Ireland Rebellions broke out, needed $

13. English Civil Wars Calls Parliament, asks for $ Draw up list of complaints & demand to meet at least every 3 yrs. 1641, led troops to arrest 5 Parliament leaders, they escape Charles I used force against the govt.

14. Cavaliers (king’s army) vs. Roundheads (Parliament’s army) Roundheads led by Oliver Cromwell Defeat Cavaliers, arrest the king Charles I put on trial for treason Found guilty, beheaded in 1649

16. Interregnum, 1649 – 1660 “Between Kings” England became a commonwealth, govt. w/ elected representative s Led by Oliver Cromwell, ruled as Lord Protector

17. Forced Puritan rules—no drinking, gambling, swearing, missing Church Cromwell’s son becomes next Lord Protector, ineffective

18. Stuart Restoration, 1660 Stuart dynasty restored to power Charles II, 1660 – 1685 (son of Charles I) Followed Parliament even when he disagreed Brought peace & stability

20. James II, 1685 – 1688 (brother of Charles II) Tried to establish absolute monarchy Devout Catholic, outlawed Protestantism

21. He’s really, really old Parliament decides to wait until he dies Protestant daughter Mary & her husband (William of Orange) would rule 1688, wife became pregnant Gave birth to a son, Parliament feared continued Catholic rule

22. Glorious Revolution, 1688 Parliament offered throne to William & Mary, promised support even through force James II hears of plot, abdicates (gives up throne) Flees to France just as William & Mary arrive Glorious Revolution—peaceful transfer of power w/o war or bloodshed

24. William & Mary agreed to sign Bill of Rights, 1689—clearly stated rights of English citizens Another document that placed limits on royal power Never again would an absolute monarch rule in England

25. http://streaming.factsonfile.com/Portal Playlists.aspx?aid=25930&xtid=3089 5&loid=28269