1. How did the imperialism that began in the 1890s differ from the imperialism in the 1500s? Old = Americas / New = Africa, Asia

2. What is imperialism? Strong nations dominate weaker

3. Why imperialism? Gather/Take out resources for your gain

Provide a market for finished products

Coaling stations-re-fueling

Spread of “superior” civilization

4. Why was there competition between western powers to obtain the most colonies? More power than others

5. What would competition for colonies between western powers cause? Tensions between nations

6. What is nationalism? Devotion to one’s nation

7. What advantages did Europe have (over other areas) to engage in imperialism? Superior military

Medicine = resist tropical disease (inoculation)

8. What is the relationship between social Darwinism (survival of the fittest) and imperialism? Justifies Imperialism as natural

9. What was the contradiction between colonialism and democracy? Colonialism = denying democracy

10. How does direct rule, when the colonial power runs the country, compare to indirect rule? Local rulers run country

11. What were some positive aspects of European colonialism (Possession of Africa and Asia?) Build Infrastructure = schools, hospitals, railroads

12. What were the negative aspects of European colonialism? Cash crops = famine

Profits to western powers

Disruption of families

13. In addition to preventing rebellions, the primary goal of colonial rulers was to To make money

14. What was the relationship between the industrial revolution and imperialism? Created need for raw materials / markets

15. What did European powers force colonial powers to adopt? European (western) culture

End Part 1

16. What country dominated Northwest Africa? France

17. What country dominated Southern Africa? Show map of Africa Britain

18. What country controlled Congo? Belgium

19. What resources were removed from Congo? Copper, rubber, ivory

20. What were the local Congolese forced to do? Work as slaves

21. What were the only two African nations to retain their independence in the late 1800s? Ethiopia and Liberia

22. Why did missionaries go to Africa? Convert; impose western culture

23. In addition to occupying the Middle East and North Africa, what other areas did the Ottoman Empire possess at its height? Southeast Europe

24. What was the primary goal of most people occupied by the Ottoman Empire? Independence

25. In the late 1800s, what countries gained their independence from Ottoman control? Greece, Serbia, Romania

26. In addition to France and Britain, what other European powers wanted a piece of Ottoman territory? Russia, Austria

27. What was the importance of the Suez Canal that opened in 1869? Cut time Asia to Europe

End of Part 2

28. How were the British able to conquer the vast territory of India? India not unified

29. Before 1858, who was in control of most of India? British East India Company

30. What was the British East India Company’s primary goal? Make money = tea export

31. What social changes did the British East India Company make in India? End caste system

32. Why did Indian soldiers mutiny against their white officers during the Sepoy Rebellion after being forced to bite off bullets dipped in animal fat? Against religion

33. After the Sepoy Rebellion, who replaced the British East Indian Company? British government

34. What improvements did the British government make in India? Roads, railroads, health care

35. What problems did the British East India Company cause in India by making them grow cash crops instead of food crops? Starvation

End Part 3

36. What product did Britain finally find that Chinese were willing to buy? Opium

37. When China outlawed opium and asked Britain to stop selling it, what was Britain’s response? Right to free trade

38. How did China respond when the British refused to stop selling Opium to the Chinese? Attacked Britain = Opium War

39. After Britain won an easy victory against China’s outdated weapons, what did they force China to give up? Hong Kong / 5 ports

40. After the Opium War, China also had to give Britain extraterritoriality. Under extraterritoriality, British lived in China under what? British laws

41. How did the Chinese respond to extraterritoriality? Boxer Rebellion = push out all foreigners

42. How did foreign occupiers respond to the Boxer Rebellion? Crushed them

43. Why did the Chinese Government collapse after 1912? Couldn’t stop foreigners from carving up China

44. How would Chinese society be characterized in the1800s? In decline/divided/backward

45. How did the Industrial Revolution cause Chinese imperialism? Need for markets and resources

46. Although Germany and the U. S 46. Although Germany and the U.S. led the world in industrial protection by 1900, what country led in colonial possessions? Britain

47. What happened after the Tokugawa Shoguns gained power in 1600s? Expelled foreigners

48. Why did Japan open its ports in 1853 after 200 years of isolation? Feared military attack

49. When Japanese leaders realized how isolation caused Japan to fall behind other nations in industrial and military technology, what action did it take? Ended Shogun = Meiji Restoration

50. After the Meiji Restoration, what did Japan realize it had to do to survive? Modernize industry / military

51. What event occurred in 1905 that proved to the world that Japan had become the first industrialized modern Asian nation? Victory over Russia

52. After 1900, why did Japan embark on a plan to expand its colonial empire? No natural resources