1. Bell Ringer
Explain how nationalism impacted Germany and Austria in vastly different ways.

2. New Imperialism
Essential Question: What were the causes and effects of New Imperialism?

3. New Imperialism
Imperialism – the extension of a nation’s power over other lands
New Imperialism attempted to establish direct control over colonies.

4. Need for raw materials (Industrial Revolution)
Motivations for Imp.
Need for raw materials (Industrial Revolution)
Need for markets to sell finished products to

5. Nationalism – promoted competition Empires were a source of prestige
Motivations for Imp.
Nationalism – promoted competition
Empires were a source of prestige

6. Motivations for Imp.
Social Darwinism – theory used by Western nations to justify their dominance; based on Darwin’s theory Survival of the fittest empire
“White Man’s Burden” – responsibility to bring Christianity, democracy, and capitalism to the “uncivilized” world.

7. New Imperialism
By 1900 virtually the entire area of Southeast Asia was under Western rule:
Western countries like Great Britain, France, Germany, U.S., and the Netherlands
SE Asia was an important stepping stone to China

8. New Imperialism
Indirect rule – a colonial government in which local rulers are allowed to maintain their positions of authority and status.
Cheaper – less troops and administrators
Example: Dutch East India Company

9. New Imperialism
Direct rule – a colonial government in which local elites were removed from power and replaced by a new set of officials brought from the colonizing country.
Commonly used when Imperialism was met with resistance
Example – G.B. in Burma and France in Vietnam

10. Early Contact with Africa
1450 – traded with coastal regions
Travel to interior limited because of rivers and disease
Based on slavery

11. Africa before Imperialism
The African continent is/was very diverse
100’s of languages/ethnicities
Large empires / small villages
Various religions (traditional, Islam, Christianity)

12. African Imperialism
Dr. Livingstone was the first European to explore the interior of Africa. (Missionary)
Henry Stanley – Found Congo River while searching for the Dr.
Gave Europeans access to the interior of Africa

13. Scramble for Africa
King Leopold II – Established a Belgian colony in the Congo
Set off European race for colonies.
Why would they race?

14. Scramble for Africa
Belgian presence in the Congo setoff European race for colonies.
Motivated by Nationalism / Riches (Gold/Diamonds)

15. The Berlin Conference (1884- 1885)
Scramble for Africa
The Berlin Conference ( )
European powers set up rules for colonizing Africa
Any country could claim land
Divided Africa w/ no regard for ethnic or language groups
No African rulers attended

16. By 1914 only 2 countries remained independent
Scramble for Africa
By 1914 only 2 countries remained independent

17. Ethiopia – A successful resistance
Menelik II – Emperor of Ethiopia
Purchased industrialized weapons
Only African nation to resist Europeans

18. Strong economies and governments Industrialized militaries
Western Advantages
Strong economies and governments
Industrialized militaries
Maxim Gun
Steamships / trains
Advanced Medicine

19. Effects of Imperialism in Africa
Positive Effects
Minor Industrialization
Negative Effects
Death and loss of independence
Agriculture shifted to cash crops -> famine
New borders created constant tension and warfare

20. Essential Question
What were the causes and effects of New Imperialism?

22. Use the map on page 365 to identify:
Territory controlled by Europeans (Use different colors)
Label specific territories
Use the map on the screen to identify the natural resources being extracted
*Don’t include Uranium and Chromium