1. Europe Goes on Tour: The Sequel!
Period 5:
Europe Goes on Tour: The Sequel!

2. Overview Revolution: The Industrial One
Imperialism: Europe & Japan: 1, Everyone Else: 0
Revolution: The Political Ones
Migration: On the Road Again

3. The Industrial Revolution
The process of industrialization that took place during the 18th and 19th centuries (farms → factories)
Began in Europe (specifically England)
Had HUGE effects on every aspect of life around the globe
Next to Columbian Exchange, probably the most likely thing to be on the test

4. Why Europe? Europe’s location on the Atlantic Ocean
Distribution of coal, iron, and timber
Demographic changes in Europe (rapid population growth)
Urbanization
Improved agricultural productivity
Legal protection of private property
Abundance of rivers and canals
Access to foreign resources
Accumulation of capital (think abt trading companies)

5. Necessary Inventions Watt steam engine- 1763-1775 Spinning jenny- 1764
Internal combustion engine- mid 1800s
Allow for faster travel, production, and transport of goods
Run on fossil fuels

6. Characteristics of Factory System
Unskilled labor/division of labor
Widescale output/cheaper input
Location near railroads and rivers
Centralized work
Standardization and uniformity
Guarantee of supply

7. The IR Spreads IR starts in Great Britain but affects globe
Industrialization around the world- US, Russia, Japan
Need for raw materials (rubber from Congo) and a market for goods drives imperialism
British and French “opening up” China
Opium Wars ( , )

8. The IR Spreads Agricultural economies decline in wake of IR
Textile industry in India
Transnational businesses develop
United Fruit Company- 1899

9. Responses to Industrialization
Workers’ rights and reactions against capitalism
Unionization of laborers
Resistance from Qing China and Ottoman Empire
Rejected western industry and ideals in favor of tradition
Some attempted to modernize, but were unsuccessful
Young Turks in Ottoman Empire- 1889
Too little, too late

10. Meiji Reformation in Japan
1868- Imperial rule restored
End of Tokugawa Shogunate
Japan industrialized rapidly
Attempt to blend “western” and “eastern” values

11. Imperialism Industrializing powers established transoceanic empires
States with existing colonies strengthened their control
Europe, the US, and Japan established empires in Asia and the Pacific
Japan in Korea
Britain in India, Australia, New Zealand
Spanish and Portuguese power declined during this time

12. Imperialism Empires established in Africa
BELGIUM IN THE CONGO
Europe established settler colonies in some places
Britain- South Africa, Australia and New Zealand
In other places, Europe & the US established “economic imperialism”
US in Latin America (Monroe Doctrine, United Fruit Company)
Britain and France in China- Opium Wars

13. Imperialism
Imperialism caused the formation and contraction of states around the world
US & European influence led to Meiji Japan
US & Russia expanded land borders and conquered neighboring territories
US in Mexico, western territories
Anti-imperial resistance led to the contraction of the Ottoman empire
Semi-independence of Balkan states
British influence in Egypt

14. Imperialism
New states developed
Kingdom of Hawai’i
Nationalism developed as an ideology
Germany and Italy become nation-states
New racial ideologies, especially Social Darwinism, facilitate and justify imperialism
White Man’s Burden