1. Imperialism Review Packet

2. Definitions
Imperialism – one country taking over other lands politically, economically, and socially
Nationalism – pride in one’s nation (caused competition among European nations for colonies)
Mercantilism - Establishing colonies for obtaining natural resources and land, and developing industry to attain a favorable balance of trade

4. Reasons Why Europeans Wanted Colonies
Europe had experienced the Industrial Revolution and had lots of factories
Needed raw materials for industry
Wanted land for crops
Wanted to spread Christianity
Wanted to spread European culture (ethnocentrism)
Wanted power & prestige (nationalism)

5. Effects of Imperialism on Africa
Positive
Education
Infrastructure: Roads, bridges, sanitation
Medical care
Negative
Cash crops = food shortages
Boundaries of colonies caused ethnic/tribal rivalries
Hurt culture & pride of native Africans

6. White Man’s Burden Poem by Rudyard Kipling
Racist – said that the “burden” of the “white man” (European) was to take over & “civilize” non-Europeans
Justified imperialism

7. Sepoy Rebellion
Sepoys (Indian soldiers in British military) rebelled against British – wanted to remove foreign influence
British crushed the rebellion
India officially became a British colony

8. Effects of Imperialism on India
Positive
Medical care
Education – schools
English as a unifying language
Brought India under one unified government
Infrastructure: roads, bridges, sanitation
Negative
Cash crops = food shortages
Population explosion = food shortages, overpopulation
Hurt Indian industries (cloth)
Hurt Indian culture & pride

9. Why did Europe want to imperialize China?
Natural resources (silk, tea)
Large population
Farm land – crops
Trade (located between 2 major bodies of water)
China was weak at the time

10. Opium War
Britain introduced opium because China did not want to trade with Britain (ethnocentrism). Many Chinese became addicted and the demand was high.
China asked Britain to stop smuggling opium but they did not.
War broke out, Britain easily won (better technology).
RESULT:
Treaty of Nanking – forced China to trade w/ Britain, gave Hong Kong to Britain for 99 years
Extraterritorial rights – Foreign countries didn’t have to obey Chinese law in their sphere of influence

11. Boxer Rebellion Anti-foreign Chinese vs Europeans
Trying to remove foreign influence
Europeans won

12. Spheres of influence
Regions where foreign nations had special trading rights in China

13. Southeast Asia Malaysia Indonesia Phillippines Singapore
Laos/Vietnam/Cambodia (French Indochina)

14. Japan Tokugawa Shogunate – Japan was isolated
1853 – US opens trade w/ Japan
Meiji Restoration
Emperor Meiji restored
Improved education, industry, military, more western culture
Japan got into wars with China and Russia and took over land, annexed Korea.