SLOW PROGRESS -by mid 60’s segregation was holding firm -de facto segregation -de jure segregation -radicals methods were being discussed
SLOW PROGRESS -by mid 60’s segregation was holding firm -de facto segregation -de jure segregation -radicals methods were being discussed
EQUALITY NOW -demand equality a legal right that had been denied -abandon non-violence if needed -use force to demand rights
NEW TYPE OF MOVEMENT -Is non-violence working??? -Medgar Evers assassinated -Civil Rights leaders begin to question -Should self-defense be used??? -Should assimilation be the goal??? -idea of racial pride develops
NEW TYPE OF MOVEMENT -Is non-violence working??? -Medgar Evers assassinated -Civil Rights leaders begin to question -Should self-defense be used??? -Should assimilation be the goal??? -idea of racial pride develops
NATION OF ISLAM -Elijah Muhammad -Nation of Islam embrace Islam as religion encourage African Americans to separate their communities (black nationalism) -teach self-respect and self-defense
MALCOLM X -spokesman for Nation of Islam -took the name X because his ancestors original name had been lost due to slavery -advocated separation from whites and self-defense from racial prejudice and violence
BLACK POWER -Stokely Carmicheal had been a member of SNCC but believed goals were not being reached -Black Power control their own social, political, and economic lives -advocated force if needed to gain equal rights -not supported by King’s followers
BLACK POWER -Stokely Carmicheal had been a member of SNCC but believed goals were not being reached -Black Power control their own social, political, and economic lives -advocated force if needed to gain equal rights -not supported by King’s followers
MALCOLM X KILLED -by 1964, he reversed to urge integration of society -new view clashed with Nation of Islam policies -”Ballots or Bullets” -Assassinated by rival members of the Nation of Islam in NY 1965
Long Hot Summers -refers to the racial tensions that filled America during the summer of 1966 and beyond -Segregation held firm in north and south -most rioting occurred in northern cities -northern minorities wanted more than ending segregation
Black Panthers -1966 -Bobby Seale, Huey Newton -radical agenda that accepted violence as a means of getting equal rights “program for the people” taking control of communities full employment military exemption
Black Panthers -1966 -Bobby Seale, Huey Newton -radical agenda that accepted violence as a means of getting equal rights “program for the people” taking control of communities full employment military exemption
KING’S ASSASSINATION -1968 Memphis, Tenn sanitation workers strike -”I am not afraid to die…” -James Earl Ray was charged with the killing -major riots in over 100 U.S. cities
END OF THE MOVEMENT -1968, Robert F. Kennedy was leading Democratic candidate for President -assassinated by Sirhan Sirhan in California -major blow to continued civil rights efforts -Death of the best leaders -Nixon wins 1968 election
END OF THE MOVEMENT -1968, Robert F. Kennedy was leading Democratic candidate for President -assassinated by Sirhan Sirhan in California -major blow to continued civil rights efforts -Death of the best leaders -Nixon wins 1968 election
Civil Rights Legacy -Kerner Commission Report -end of de jure segregation -Civil Rights Act of 1968 -greater racial pride -political power greatly increased -affirmative action programs