Colonial American Development Unit 1C AP U.S. History
Think About It Compare and contrast the colonial development and characteristics of Massachusetts/New England colonies and Virginia/Southern colonies.
England Defeat of Spanish Armada (1588) Population increases Joint-stock companies develop Religious conflicts divide the nation Weak monarchs, civil wars, and revolutions
Thirteen Colonies
Colonial Geography
English Colonies Charters Corporate Colony Proprietary Colony Granted a charter to stockholders Ex. Virginia Proprietary Colony Granted a charter to individual or group Ex. Maryland, Pennsylvania Royal Colony Under direct control of the monarch Ex. New Hampshire Eventually, 8 of the 13 colonies became royal colonies, including Virginia and Massachusetts First page of the Carolina charter, authorized by Charles II, 1663
The First English Attempts Sir Walter Raleigh (1585) Roanoke (1587)
Jamestown Virginia Company of London Established in 1607 on mouth of Chesapeake Bay John Smith “he that will not work shall not eat” ”Starving Time” (1609-1610) Powhatan John Rolfe Tobacco seeds to plantations
Who is this?
Oh yeah…Pocahontas
Disney’s John Smith
Hollywood’s John Smith
This is John Smith.
Pilgrims Separatists to Holland then head for Virginia Mayflower takes Separatists and others to Jamestown but weather complicates matters Settlers decide to remain and establish Plymouth (1620)
The Mayflower (II)
Look, a big rock.
Wampanoag Dwelling
Plymouth Colony
New England Massachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut Plymouth (1620) Massachusetts Bay Colony (1630) Rhode Island Providence (1636) Portsmouth (1638) Connecticut Hartford (1637) New Haven (1638) New Hampshire (1679)
New England Massachusetts Puritans “Great Migration” John Winthrop A Model of Christian Charity (1630) Expulsion Roger Williams and Providence Anne Hutchinson and Portsmouth
Middle Colonies Development Economics New York New Jersey (1702) New Amsterdam transferred to Duke of York in 1664 New Jersey (1702) Pennsylvania settled by Quakers Delaware (1702) Economics Develop wheat and corn farms “Bread basket” of the colonies Eventually into manufacturing and trade
Pennsylvania William Penn (1681) Religious Society of Friends aka Quakers Holy Experiment Religious refuge Liberal political ideals Economic success Frame of Government and Charter of Liberties
Mason-Dixon Line
Southern Colonies Maryland (1634) Virginia (1607) Carolinas (1663) Lord Baltimore Act of Toleration (1649) Virginia (1607) Carolinas (1663) North Carolina (1729) Tobacco South Carolina (1729) Rice and indigo Georgia (1732) James Oglethorpe
Virginia Jamestown (1607) Anglican dominated Tobacco Plantations Tidewater Gentry Headright System 50 acres to each paying immigrant or plantation owner who paid for immigrant House of Burgesses in 1619 First legislative assembly in the colonies Bacon’s Rebellion (1676)
Virginia Bacon’s Rebellion (1676) Causes Rise of land-seekers due to indentured servitude Wealthy Tidewater gentry dominated the legislature Frontier farmers struggled against low tobacco prices, high taxes, and Native American attacks Frontier farmers demanded all-out war with Natives; Governor proposed building and manning forts Burning of Jamestown Governor William Berkeley Nathaniel Bacon Impact Less dependence on indentured servitude Increased importation of African slaves More aggressive policies toward Native Americans "Here shoot me before God, fair mark shoot.” Governor William Berkeley in response to Nathanial Bacon’s threat for demands.