U.S. History and Geography

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Presentation transcript:

U.S. History and Geography IB/Honors

Review This should all be review of what you learned last year so it will be quick. America’s founding Revolution and establishment of new government Westward expansion, precedent setting, and struggle with slavery. Civil War and Reconstruction

Topic 1: Two Worlds Meet The push West and issues with Native Americans Innovations as a result of Industrialization Resources and Railroads: How America became an Industrial Power

The Push West Why do people move? Push Factors Pull Factors Not enough land Stagnation (Life was not improving) Pull Factors Resources Government incentive (Homestead Act)

The Push West Lure of Resources (not limited to wealthy) Silver Gold Land (“unsettled”) Natives lived on this land, however believed that no man could own land.

The Push West Issues arise with Natives Natives have no boundaries Gov’t wanted to establish treaties Chiefs did not always represent tribe-loose organization. Due to issues, conflict arose between US and Natives

The Push West Massacre at Sand Creek Natives told to live in Sand Creek so no harm would come to them. However, a US General decided that the Natives must suffer to understand that they are subservient and to get revenge for past violence. 200 Natives killed, mostly women and children.

The Push West

The Push West Bozeman Trail: A major transportation route which cut through a prime hunting area for Natives. Diplomacy failed Deaths along trail Treaty of Laramie: Settled Sioux on reservation in exchange for protection and supplies Attacks continued anyway

The Push West Battling continues Raids by Kiowa and Comanche US responds by hunting down tribes Gold Rush out West US citizens head to find gold; government decides to send Col. George Custer to report back. Custer reports gold and the rush begins. When government attempts to buy land with gold from Natives and they refuse, the stage is set for war.

The Push West “Indian Wars” Sitting Bull, Chief and war leader of the Cheyenne and Sioux saw vision of military victory over American soldiers. Custer led troops to Little Big Horn river-Custer’s Last Stand-Flaws Scouts under reported Native forces Exhaustion Custer split up his men Result: Custer 200 men v. Crazy Horse 2,000 to 3,000 men; Custer and US lost

Battle of Little Big Horn

The Push West As a result of Custer’s defeat, the public was shocked and angered. They demanded revenge. US forces continued to raid Native camps and kill off their main food source, the Buffalo.

The Push West Battle of Wounded Knee The Sioux on the Dakota reservation performed a Ghost dance. The excitement for the dance alarmed the military leaders on the reservation. This resulted in the death of Sitting Bull and 350 unarmed Natives. This effectively brought an end to the “Indian Wars”

The Push West Assimilation of Native Americans Dawes Act Attempt to have Native Americans adopt the culture and beliefs of the American public. Dawes Act The “Americanization” of Native Americans by breaking up reservation land and giving some to the adult males of tribes. (Private Property) The rest was to be sold and the profit given back to the Native Americans, however, they would end up receiving nothing.

The Push West In the end, Native Americans lost their people, land, and resources including the most sacred of which, the buffalo. Americans now reached to the Pacific Ocean and nearly everywhere in between as they expanded their power and enriched their wealth. This new found wealth would increase the ability to afford and invent new technology.