The End of World War II Section 5 Page 952

Results of the War 60 million people died in WWII, 50,000 homeless cities and farmland destroyed no water, electricity and little food no jobs to earn money no transportation system to move goods from one area to another disease and famine cause many deaths

Nuremberg Trials -22 Nazi leaders put on trial for crimes against humanity -12 sentenced to death

Rebuilding Japan -Japan loses all of its colonies -U.S. helps them set up a democracy and new constitution -allies demilitarize Japan and U.S. agrees to give them military protection -Japan and U.S. become allies again

The Allies split up Cold War begins -different ideas and lack of trust leads to anger between Russia and U.S. -war is “cold” because there is not actual fighting Russia wants to spread communism U.S. wants to spread democracy Race begins to make as many allies as possible for each side

The U.S. & the U.S.S.R. Emerged as the Two Superpowers of the later 20c

New U.S. Policies Truman Doctrine – U.S. plan to stop the spread of communism Marshall Plan – U.S. agrees to give money/help to European countries to help them rebuild

New Alliances Form Europe split up into an Eastern bloc (communist) and western bloc (democratic) Germany is the dividing line (also split into East and West) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) = U.S. + allies Warsaw Pact = Russia and its allies