1. Beginning of the Cold War
The End of World War II
Beginning of the Cold War

2. Nuremberg Trials Axis leaders were tried for “crimes against humanity”
The trials showed that political and military leaders could be held accountable for actions in wartime

3. Occupying Allies The Allies built new governments in Germany and Japan
Created democratic constitutions to protects the rights of all citizens
In Japan powered was handed over to the people instead of the emperor

4. The United Nations
The United Nations (UN) plays a greater role in world affairs than the League of Nations did
Each member gets one vote in the General Assembly
The Security Council gives the five most powerful countries in the world the authority to ensure peace
France, United Kingdom, China, Russia and the United States
These five countries won World War II

5. The Alliance Breaks Apart
After the defeat of the Nazi, mutual distrust led to conflict between the former allies
The Cold War was a state of tension and hostility between nations aligned either with the US or the USSR
There was no armed conflict between the US and the USSR (i.e. “Cold War”)

6. The Truman Doctrine Idea of containment
Limit communism to the areas already under Soviet control
First test of this was Greece and Turkey
The US sent aid and advisors to prevent the spread of communism to these countries

7. The Marshall Plan
The US gave food and economic aid to Western European countries to rebuild after the war
Aid was also offered to the USSR and Eastern Europe
The offered was never accepted

8. Germany Divided After the war Germany became divided
West Germany was a democratic nation with a constitution
East Germany was a socialist dictatorship under Stalin’s control

9. Berlin Airlift
Berlin rests in the Eastern part of Germany but remained occupied by all the Allies
Stalin tried to force the Allies out of Berlin by sealing off the railroads and highways
The Allies airlifted the supplies for more than a year
Stalin ended the blockade

10. Opposing Alliances NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Military alliance between the US, Canada and western Europe
Pledged to help each other if any one of them was attacked
Warsaw Pact
Military alliance between the USSR and Eastern Europe