5 Lecture Notes Cancer Classroom Activity to Accompany Diseases of the Human Body Fifth Edition Carol D. Tamparo Marcia A. Lewis

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In the hour of adversity be not without hope, for crystal rain falls from black clouds. —Persian Poem

Cancer Neoplasm: (tumor) new growth; serves no useful purpose; uncontrollable and progressive Benign: localized; rarely fatal Malignant: invasive; grows rapidly Metastasis: cells move from one place to another

Cancer Which term refers to a neoplasm whose cells have moved from one place to another? Malignant Benign Metastasis In situ

Cancer Etiology of cancer Complex alterations in DNA Carcinogens Age and genetics Compromised immune system Body weight and diet

Cancer Etiology of cancer (cont.) Exercise and physical activity Environment Viruses Bacterial infections

Cancer Classification of cancers Carcinoma: solid tumors of epithelial tissue Sarcoma: tumors of connective and supportive tissue Cancers of blood and lymph

Cancer Diagnosis Tumor markers Grading: grades I, II, III, IV Staging uses TNM classification

Cancer Treatment Chemotherapy Surgery Curative Palliative Preventative Radiation therapy Chemotherapy

Cancer Treatment (cont.) Immunotherapy (biotherapy) Hormonal therapy Stem cell and bone marrow transplants Integrative and complementary therapies

Cancer Preventing cancer Refrain from tobacco Practice sun safety Eat healthy Exercise regularly Get vaccinated Avoid risky behaviors Practice self-examination and screening

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