1. SC121 Unit Three Karma Pace, MS kpace@kaplan.edu AIM: kpacemcduffy

2. Agenda 1.Welcome and Introductions 1.What is Cancer? 2.How do you get it? 3.How can it be treated? 4.Unit 3 5.Q&A

3. Cancer Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells of the body DNA mutated http://www.yourcancertoday.com/ContentResources/Image/growth.jpg

4. Characteristics of Cancer Cells Lack differentiation: not specialized, don’t contribute to homeostasis Abnormal nucleus: enlarged, wrong number of chromosomes Unlimited potential to replicate: ‘forget to die’ Form tumors: lack contact inhibition, may invade normal tissue Undergo angiogenesis: form new blood vessels, which ‘steal’ blood from normal tissue Undergo metastasis: motile, travel via blood/lymph

5. http://www.articlesweb.org/blog/wp-content/gallery/cancer-cells/cancer-cells-1.png http://www.newscientist.com/data/images/archive/2587/25874701.jpg

6. Carcinogenesis- Development of Cancer Phase 1- Initiation -Mutation in DNA of a cell: alteration of genes -Proteins that promote the cell cycle are expressed -Proteins that inhibit the cell cycle are inhibited Phase 2- Promotion -Cell reproduces -All new cells have same mutation -Tumor develops Phase 3- Progression -Cancer cells -Surrounding tissues -New areas via body fluids

7. Most Common Types of Cancer In United States: -Men: Prostate, Lung, Colon -Women: Breast, Colon, Lung

8. Causes Idiopathic -Unknown Heredity/Genetic -Inherited a gene from a parent Environmental -Radiation, chemicals, viruses, diet, activity level, etc. Combination Prevention Idiopathic -None Hereditary/Genetic -None Environmental -Avoid risk factors: tobacco, obesity, etc. -Vaccinations against viral infections

9. Treatment of Cancer Surgery- removes cells Radiation (gamma, x-rays) shrinks or kills cells -May be pinpointed in certain areas Chemotherapy (drug) kills any fast growing cells -Which includes normal WBC’s Stem cell transplant (bone marrow) replaces cells Immunotherapy (antibodies) attacks cells Gene therapy (experimental) replaces DNA in cells Targeted cancer therapy (drug) interferes with a specific molecule only in cancer cell

10. www.cancer.gov Visit this site and report back to the class 1 fact that you learned

11. Unit 3 Overview: Cells and Tissues Cell: basic unit of life Tissue: group of similar cells

12. Questions? http://www.tellmeaboutstemcells.org/img/art_questions_and_answers.gif