WORLD WAR I OVERVIEW ( ) History – Notes 8-1

Causes of WWI Militarism: aggressive buildup of military to threaten other nations Alliance System: agreement between 2 or more nations to cooperate or defend each other

Causes of WWI Imperialism: strong countries can control weaker ones Nationalism: feeling of pride in one’s homeland Many Europeans nations seeking independence / freedom

Causes of WWI (June 1914) Assassination of the Arch- Duke of Austria-Hungary, Franz Ferdinand

Assassination of Franz Ferdinand

Causes of WWI Gavrilo Princip: Assassin was Bosnian- Serb nationalist and member of nationalist group “The Black Hand”

Causes of WWI Austria declares war on Serbia Other nations forced by alliance system to take sides and declare war

Alliances

Key Players Central Powers Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire (Turkey) Bulgaria

Key Players Allied Powers Great Britain France Russia Italy United States (starting in 1917)

Map of Allies and Central Powers

Key Features Massive amounts of death and destruction High number of civilians killed, by war and disease

Key Features Advanced weapons like tanks, planes, machine guns, poison gas, barbed wire

WWI Photos

Key Features Trench warfare: stalemate, small gains in territory, high loss of life in “No Man’s Land”

WWI Trenches

WWI Photos

Key Features Western Front: trenches between France and Germany Eastern Front: trenches between Russia and Germany

Results of WWI 1. Treaty of Versailles: peace treaty to end war and establish League of Nations 2. Germany blamed for WWI, loses territory, and forced to pay reparations (pay damages) 3. U.S.A. an economic power and isolationist (avoid alliances w/other countries)

Results of WWI 4. Britain and France take over Germany’s colonies and carve up Middle East 5. Colonies in Africa and Asia seek independence 6. WWI directly causes WWII

Stop Here Alright Soldiers, Let’s Rest for the Night