1. Imperialism – nations competing for trade and more colonies
Chapter 17, Section 1 – A World War Begins
Causes of War in Europe
Nationalism – extreme belief that your country is better than anyone else
Imperialism – nations competing for trade and more colonies
Alliances – groups of nations promised to protect each other
Military build-up – nations did not trust each other; started an arms race to be the biggest military

2. This is an example of Nationalism
The Spark
Austria-Hungary Empire was made up of many different ethnic groups
Bosnia was controlled by Austria-Hungary
Serbs living in Bosnia wanted to belong to the Nation of Serbia
This is an example of Nationalism

3. This is an example of Imperialism
Archduke Ferdinand went to Sarajevo (in Bosnia) in June 1914
Part of a visit dealing with the annexation of Serbia by Austria-Hungary
While there, he is assassinated by a Serbian terrorist (Gavrilo Princip)
This is an example of Imperialism
Video Clip

5. Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia
Russia (ally of Serbia) declares war on Austria-Hungary
Germany (ally of Austria-Hungary) declares war on Russia (Triple Alliance)
England and France (ally of Russia) declare war on Germany (Triple Entente)
Interactive map

6. Central Powers and Allied Powers
Central powers  Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria
Allied powers  Great Britain, France, and Russia (Italy joins in 1915; the U.S. joins in 1917)

8. Both sides began to dig trenches in an attempt to hold onto territory
Trench Warfare
Both sides began to dig trenches in an attempt to hold onto territory
trenches stretched for hundreds of miles along the Western Front
millions of soldiers would live and die in these muddy ditches

9. The war was fought on the land, the sea, and in the air
main battleground was Europe
the longest fighting took place on the Western Front (France and Belgium)
Both sides hoped for a quick end to the fighting – but by the end of 1914, there was a stalemate

10. Between the trenches of each side was known as “no man’s land”
in order to attack, soldiers had to crawl out and cross over “no man’s land”
Battle at Somme River lasted for 4 months
more than 1 million soldiers were killed and/or wounded
neither side could defeat the other

11. World War I saw the use of many new weapons of destruction
New Weapons of War
World War I saw the use of many new weapons of destruction
machine gun – could fire up to bullets per minute
tanks – “bulletproof”; could crawl over obstacles and trenches
submarines – could secretly attack and sink ships

12. airplanes – observation; strategic bombing; naval warfare
poison gases – used to overcome the stalemate of trench warfare
chlorine
phosgene
mustard gas
Casualties From Gas - The Numbers
Country Total Casualties Death
Austria-Hungary , ,000
British Empire , ,109
France , ,000
Germany , ,000
Italy , ,627
Russia , ,000
USA ,
Total ,230, ,189

13. Key
Communication Trench
Machine Gun Nest
Underground Bunker
Traverse
Wire Break
Listening Post
+ Trench Block