1. Road to the Revolution

2. Essential Question Was the French and Indian War necessary and was there a peaceful solution to this war?

3. George Washington Born: February 22, 1732 –Westmoreland County, Virginia, VA Family owned a tobacco farm –Grew Tobacco, Raised Live Stock and Surveyed Land At the age of 20 took over the family estate –Eventually grew the estate (Mount Vernon) to 8,000 acres

4. George Cont.. By 1750 the French occupied territory in the Ohio Valley 1753 Virginia’s Governor Dinwiddie sent Washington to Fort LeBoeuf to warn the French to remove themselves from British Territory The French Refused

5. George Cont… Washington reported back to Dinwiddie Dinwiddie sent Washington and several soldiers to attack Ft. Duquesne –Washington, his soldiers and a handful of Native American Guides –May 28, 1754 Washington and his men travel to the Fort in the rain throughout the night. In the morning the arrive at the Fort Washington and his men exchange fire with the Fort

6. George Cont… The French retreat into the woods –The Natives were waiting After the battle –14 French soldiers were dead –3 English Soldiers were dead Chief Half King (Native Guide) –Declares that the French are not dead Takes out his tomahawk and smashes it into one of the soldiers head. The other natives follow Half King and do the same.

7. FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR War fought between England (won)and France (lost) during the mid 1700s. In England it’s known as the Seven years war. CAUSES The British moving into an area claimed by France and trying to dominate the fur trade there (taking the business away from France). Both sides had Native American allies

8. FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR ● EFFECTS ● Treaty of Paris (1763) ◦ ended the war, ◦ England got almost all of North America east of the Mississippi River. ◦ Spain gave up Florida to Britain ● Taxes ◦ The war was very expensive and England believed colonists would benefit the most (more land) and should pay for the war. ● Pontiacs Rebellion 1763 ◦ Native Americans were angry at the British and were upset that colonists had settled on their land and attacked British soldiers and forts. ◦ British soldiers met with leaders of the native tribe and gave them gifts of blankets as a peace offering. The blankets were infected with small pox which killed many Natives.

9. PROCLAMATION OF 1763 Proclamation by King George III, stated colonists couldn't settle West of the Appalachians. CAUSES: – Pontiac’s Rebellion – French and Indian War – Britain wanted peace (2 expensive 2 fight natives) EFFECTS: – Colonists were FURIOUS they felt they had the right to settle land and that this was just an attempt by the British to have more control over them. – Many colonists had no land or had already bought the land as an investment. – Many IGNORED the law! – British was angry that colonists wouldn’t help pay for their own defense.

10. Beginning of Trouble These events marked the beginning of trouble between the colonists and their mother country, England. Remember, the colonists were ruled by England although they were a long way away.

11. SUGAR ACT 1764 First example of Taxation without representation Taxed imported sugar and molasses Harsh punishments for smuggling to avoid paying it. CAUSES: – England needed money to pay debts from French and Indian War EFFECTS: – Colonists said England couldn’t tax them since they had no representation in Parliament. NO taxation w/out representation!!! – Upset merchants since it affected them the most.

12. QUARTERING ACT 1765 Required colonists to let troops live in their homes and give them supplies. CAUSES: – Enforce the Proclamation of 1763 EFFECTS: – Outraged colonists that they had to house and support troops they did not want in their homes.

13. STAMP ACT 1765 Taxed all paper products – Documents – Books – Playing cards Required stamp on all documents to prove tax was paid. – Paid for w/ silver coins which were rare and very hard for colonists to get. – First internal tax (not a tariff since it wasn’t on an imported or exported product)

14. Stamp Act and Sugar Act Analogy Write an analogy that compares the stamp act to the sugar act

15. STAMP ACT 1765 CAUSES: – Pay for French and Indian War EFFECTS: – PROTESTS, some violent (burning the paper, attacking officials) – BOYCOTT (refusal to buy) British goods – Sam Adams forms the SONS OF LIBERTY (a secret society to oppose British policies). – Was repealed (cancelled) finally in 1766 Patrick Henry – Radical colonial leader who was very opposed to British taxes. – Helped stage boycotts – Was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses – Is famous for saying “Give me liberty or give me death!”

16. DECLARATORY ACT 1766 Law that said Parliament could govern the colonies in any way they wanted. CAUSES: – Britain was trying to keep power over the colonies. EFFECTS: – Tug of war between Britain and the colonies on who had control.

17. TOWNSHEND ACTS 1767 Tariffs on glass, paper, lead, tea, etc. CAUSES: – England needed to make money since they canceled the Stamp Act. EFFECTS: – Writs of Assistance (search warrant for smuggled goods) – Colonists thought England was violating natural rights – More boycotts and Sons of Liberty Protests – Trade with England decreased as colonists started making own goods. – Eventually boycotts were successful and all but tea tax was repealed.