Ch. 3 – Migration – “I Like to Move It, Move It” AP Human Geography Boucher

Why Do People Migrate? Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration – The reasons migrants move, the distance they move, and major characteristics of migration Cyclic movement v. periodic movement v. migration

International v. Internal Migration

Center of Population in the United States What can we learn from this map?

Why Do People Migrate? Voluntary Migration Forced Migration Step Migration – When migrant follows a path of a series of stages toward a final destination (farm to town to suburb to city) Chain Migration – When migrant communicates to family and friends at home, encouraging further migration along the same path Creates Chinatowns, “Little Italys,” etc. Holocaust Trail of Tears Atlantic Slave Trade Often occurs during times of war and conflict

Forced Migration – African Slave Trade Across Atlantic

What Causes Migrants to Move? Quick Activity! List as many “push” factors and “pull” factors that you can think of!

Push, Pull, or Both? Economic Conditions Political Circumstances Invasion of Activity Space Armed Conflict and Civil War Environmental Conditions Culture and Traditions Technological Advances

Global v. Regional Migration Flows Global Migration Flows What events historically led to global migration flows? 1. 2. 3. Regional Migration Flows Migrants go to neighboring countries: For short-term economic opportunities To reconnect with cultural groups across borders To flee political conflict or war

Economic Opportunities Islands of Development – Places within a region or country where foreign investment, jobs, and infrastructure are concentrated In late 1800s and early 1900s, Chinese migrated throughout SE Asia to work in trade, commerce, and finance

Reconnecting Cultural Groups Example: About 700,000 Jews migrated to then-Palestine between 1900 and 1948 After 1948, when the land was divided into two states (Israel and Palestine), 600,000 Palestinian Arabs fled or were pushed out of newly-designed Israeli territories

Immigration Issues Guest Workers Migrants whom a country allows in to fill a labor need, assuming the workers will go “home” once the labor need subsides Have short-term work visas Send remittances to home country Quotas Limit the number of migrants from each region into a country (can be selective in nature)

Guest Workers to Europe

Refugees What is a refugee? Characteristics of a refugee: Takes only what they can carry Journey often by foot Lacks documentation, has no clear destination, hopes to return home someday Types of refugees: Political, Economic, Environmental Impacts of Refugees? Environmental Social What regions generate the most refugees?

Applying Migration Theory Why are some areas more popular to move to than others? How can we predict that movement? Gravity Model of Migration Theory: The interaction between two places is equal to the product of the places’ populations, divided by the square of their distance apart Impact: Large cities (New York and Los Angeles) may have extensive and important interactions, despite being separated by great distances