1. AP Human Geography Lesson 2
Why People Migrate

2. Forced Migration
A government or authority imposing involuntary migration
Atlantic Slave Trade
Largest number of slaves were sent to Brazil
Turks and Greeks
Australia
Palestinians
Founding of Georgia
Trail of Tears
Soviet Union

3. Voluntary Migration Migrant weighs options and chooses to migrate
Decision to migrate can be especially hard for families
Cooperative Conflict Bargaining Process
People with the most power and responsibility in households have the most say

4. Push and Pull Factors Push Factors Pull Factors
Help a migrant decide to leave a place
Pull Factors
Help a migrant choose a place to go
Do these impact forced Migration?

5. Ravenstein’s Laws of Migration
Every migration flow generates a return or counter-migration.
The majority of migrants move a short distance.
Migrants who move longer distances tend to choose big- city destinations
Urban residents are less migratory than inhabitants of rural areas.
Families are less likely to make international moves than young adults.

6. Types of Push and Pull Factors
Economic
Poverty
Political
Oppressive Regimes
Vietnam
Armed Conflict and War
Yugoslavia
Rwanda
Environmental
Irish Potato Famine
Culture and Tradition
When people fear their cultures and traditions will not survive a major political transition
India/Pakistan

7. Other factors impacting Voluntary Migration
Distance Decay
“spatial interaction between places is directly related to the population size and inversely related to the distance between them”
The effects of distance on interaction
Greater distance, less interaction
Step Migration
Migration in a series of stages en route to the final destination
Intervening Opportunity
The presence of a closer opportunity which diminishes the attractiveness of the original destination

8. Role of Family in Migration
Kinship Links
Family and friends who have already migrated to an area
Chain Migration
Migration through kinship links
Family members in the new location tell others about how great it is
Immigration Waves
Swells in migration from one place to the same destination
What are some we have witnessed in the U.S.?