HUMAN NEEDS

Human Needs ◦Needs – a lack of something that is required or desired ◦Needs motivate an individual to behave or act out so that these needs will be met, if possible ◦Certain needs have priority over others ◦Ex: At times, a need for food may take priority over a need for social approval. If an individual has been without food for a period of time, they will direct most of their actions toward obtaining food. Even though they want social approval and respect of others, they may steal for food, knowing that stealing may cause a loss of social approval or respect.

Meeting Needs ◦When needs are felt, individuals are motivated to act ◦If the action was successful and the need is met, satisfaction occurs. ◦If the need is not met, tensions, or frustration, occurs. ◦Several needs can be felt at the same time, so individuals must decide which needs are stronger. ◦Individuals also feel needs at different levels of intensity

Abraham Maslow ◦Self-actualization theory ◦Maslow defined a hierarchy of human needs that stated the lower needs must be met before an individual can strive to meet the higher needs

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Physiological Needs ◦These needs are necessary for life; if unmet, these needs may lead to death ◦Breathing ◦Food ◦Water ◦Sleep ◦Homeostasis

Safety and Security ◦The need to be free from anxiety and fear ◦The need to be secure in the environment ◦The need for order and routine

Love and Affection ◦Feeling a sense of belonging ◦Can give and receive friendship and love

Esteem ◦Self-respect ◦Has approval of others

Self-Actualization ◦Obtain full potential ◦Self-confident

Human Needs and Healthcare ◦How does the hierarchy of needs relate to healthcare? ◦Why should healthcare workers keep these needs in mind when treating patients?

Human Needs and Healthcare ◦Maslow’s model encourages healthcare professionals to consider a patient’s entire operating system – their physical, intellectual, social, emotional, and moral well-being – and can be a useful tool for understanding a patient and providing logical, comprehensive services that address the patient as a whole