1. Questions to Ponder Are humans mostly good? Or mostly evil?
What makes some people act unselfishly towards others? Why are some people VERY selfish?

2. Important to Remember…
While literature is not LITERALLY true, it is PSYCHOLOGICALLY true.
The better the writing, the more true it will feel.

3. Abraham Maslow ( )
Most early psychologists studied people who had psychological problems, but Abraham Maslow studied successful people. Maslow decided that people want to be happy and loving, but they have particular needs that they must meet before they can act unselfishly.

4. Maslow’s Assumptions Human nature is basically good, not evil
Which character in The Road is the best model of this belief?

5. Maslow said that most people want more than they have
Maslow said that most people want more than they have. Once a person met their most basic needs, they would develop higher needs. Maslow said, “As one desire is satisfied, another pops up in its place.” Maslow created a hierarchy of needs with five levels:

7. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Physiological needs: Biological necessities such as food, water, and oxygen. These needs are the strongest because a person would die if they were not met.
Food
Water
Oxygen
Sleep
Protection from extreme temperatures
Elimination
Sensory needs
PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS 5

8. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Safety needs: People feel unsafe during emergencies, or times of disorder like rioting. Children more commonly do not have this need met when they feel afraid.
The need to be free from anxiety and fear
The need to be secure in the environment
The need for order and routine
SAFETY NEEDS
PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS

9. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Love and belonging needs: The need to escape loneliness and alienation, to give and receive love, and a sense of belonging.
Social acceptance, friendship, to be loved
Need to belong, to relate to others
The ability to give and receive love and affection
LOVE, AFFECTION, AND
BELONGINGNESS NEEDS
SAFETY NEEDS
PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS 7

10. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Esteem needs: The need to feel valuable, to have self-respect and the respect of others. If a person does not fulfill their esteem needs, they feel inferior, weak, helpless, and worthless.
Feeling important and worthwhile – includes respect, approval, appreciation
ESTEEM NEEDS
LOVE, AFFECTION, AND
BELONGINGNESS NEEDS
SAFETY NEEDS
PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS 8

11. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
FOR
SELF-
ACTUALIZATION
Self-actualization needs: Maslow taught that a very small group of people reach a level called self-actualization,
where all of their needs are met.
Self-actualization; obtaining our full potential; becoming confident, eager to express our beliefs, and willing to reach out to others to help them 9

12. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
FOR
SELF-
ACTUALIZATION
Self-realization; obtaining our full potential; becoming confident, eager to express our beliefs, and willing to reach out to others to help them 10

13. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
SELF-
ACTUALIZATION
ESTEEM NEEDS
LOVE, AFFECTION, AND
BELONGINGNESS NEEDS
SAFETY NEEDS
PHYSIOLOGICAL OR SURVIVAL NEEDS 11

14. Some Characteristics of Self-actualizing persons
Increased acceptance of self, of others, and of nature
Increased spontaneity
Increased detachment and desire for privacy
Increased independence and resistance to conformity
Higher frequency of good experiences
Improved relationships with others
High levels of creativity

15. TO CLOSE:
On the BACK of your page: What did you learn about this topic?
3 points important to remember about topic
One question you have related to topic.

16. Homework:
POST IT NOTE: quote a direct passage from The Road (Pgs ) that relates to a level in Maslow’s Hierarchy.
Write quote and page # on side 1
Write the level & explanation of connection on side 2
Be prepared to share out passage/connection tomorrow.
Continue reading! Pg. 187+