Causes of the Civil War

Causes of the Civil War Compromise of 1850  CA free state  NM, UT vote on slavery  Fugitive Slave Act

Causes of the Civil War Compromise of 1850  CA free state  NM, UT vote on slavery  Fugitive Slave Act Fugitive Slave Act  Alleged Fugitives- no trial by jury  $1,000 fine and 6 mo. Jail for helping fugitive  Only needed description of slave

Secret network of people and tunnels Harriet Tubman  escaped slave  made 19 trips South- 300 slaves helped Underground Railroad

North of line  wanted to vote on issue Kansas/Nebraska Act

North of line  wanted to vote on issue Bleeding Kansas  Population boom to vote on slavery  Missouri illegal’s voted- slavery passed  Two government established- violence everywhere Kansas/Nebraska Act

The Political Parties  Free Soil Party- Anti slavery Economic reasons  wage based labor vs. slave labor  competition drove wages down  Republican Party Anti- Slavery Opposed to Kansas/ Nebraska Act Took in Northern minor parties

Dred Scott Case  Slave taken to free state to lived- free man  Supreme Court ruling Not citizen so no legal right to sue in U.S. Court 5th Amendment protected property Harpers Ferry  John Brown- Abolitionist  Attempted to start slave revolt  Backed by Northern money

Lincoln Becomes President  Three major candidates  Lincoln less then half popular vote  No electoral votes from south  Not on ballot in Southern states Southern Succession  South- felt lost political voice  Confederacy New Constitution protected and recognized slavery in new territories Jefferson Davis- President

The Civil War  Fort Sumter- South Carolina Confederates seized all forts North would not abandon April 12, 1861  Confederates fired 1 st shots Took fort Unified North

Union strategy  Blockade ports No exports of cotton No imports of goods  Army moved down Miss. river Split confederacy in two  Captured Richmond, VA  Confederate capital  Strengths More people, factories, food, Railroad

Confederate strategy  Defend cities and land  Attack North if given chance  Strengths Cotton Better generals- Robert E. Lee Motivated soldiers

Politics of War  Gr. Britain- stayed neutral for trade  Emancipation Proclamation Troops could take supplies, could free slaves Only applied to Confederate territory Gave North a moral purpose for war

Life as a soldier  Conscription Draft that forced men to serve Weapons better than medicine Camp full of disease  Lack of shelter, food, medicine

The 1 st modern war  Technology

Northern economy  Booming manufacturing  Wages stayed same, prices went up  White went on strike Jobs given to free blacks, immigrants, women Could pay lower wages

Southern economy  Collapsed  Food prices up No men or slaves to harvest  Confederate money worthless

Surrender- April 9, 1865  Appomattox Court House  Terms Paroled Lee’s Soldiers, sent them home with 3 days of food Officers able to keep side arms

Effects of the Civil War  620,000 soldiers died  Political changes Increase in Federal Gov. power Income tax conscription laws 13 th Amendment  Abolished slavery  Economic changes  Southern bust  Northern boom  Technology Rifle and mini ball Hand grenades Land mines Ironclad ships

Lincoln’s Assassination  April 15, 1865 Fords Theater  John Wilkes Booth Actor and Southern Sympathizer  Andrew Johnson becomes President