1. Issues Leading to the Civil War Southerners threaten secession to get what they want!!!

2. Northwest Ordinance 1787 All states North of Ohio River = FREE All states North of Ohio River = FREE All states South of Ohio River = SLAVE All states South of Ohio River = SLAVE

3. Missouri Compromise Southern states threatened to break (secede) from Union if Missouri became a “free” state Southern states threatened to break (secede) from Union if Missouri became a “free” state So… Missouri = slave; Maine = free So… Missouri = slave; Maine = free 36’30 parallel – North of it free, South of it slave 36’30 parallel – North of it free, South of it slave kept Union together; but no one happy kept Union together; but no one happy # of slave and free states EQUAL! # of slave and free states EQUAL!

4. Missouri Compromise Line

5. Sectionalism Loyalty to a region, not the entire nation Loyalty to a region, not the entire nation

6. Compromise of 1850 California = free state; New Mexico & Utah = slave state California = free state; New Mexico & Utah = slave state Passed a stricter Fugitive Slave Law – returning slaves to their owners when they would run away Passed a stricter Fugitive Slave Law – returning slaves to their owners when they would run away Southerners threaten secession if Fugitive Slave Law not enforced Southerners threaten secession if Fugitive Slave Law not enforced wasn’t enforced wasn’t enforced

8. Harriet Beecher Stowe Uncle Tom’s Cabin Uncle Tom’s Cabin book that turned many Northerners against slavery book that turned many Northerners against slavery author scorned by South author scorned by South

9. Kansas-Nebraska Act cancelled Missouri Compromise cancelled Missouri Compromise allow settlers to decide issue of slavery allow settlers to decide issue of slavery popular sovereignty – rule by the people popular sovereignty – rule by the people North = upset, South = happy North = upset, South = happy struggle over slavery turned violent struggle over slavery turned violent “Bleeding Kansas” – violence between pro and anti slavery forces “Bleeding Kansas” – violence between pro and anti slavery forces

10. Dred Scott Case slave from Missouri who was taken to Wisconsin (a free state) slave from Missouri who was taken to Wisconsin (a free state) sued to gain freedom when returning to Missouri sued to gain freedom when returning to Missouri said he was made free in Wisconsin said he was made free in Wisconsin Decision of case: Decision of case: 1. Was not a citizen – could not bring case to court - and could not become a citizen 1. Was not a citizen – could not bring case to court - and could not become a citizen 2. Fugitive Slave law must be enforced 2. Fugitive Slave law must be enforced 3. Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional 3. Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional

11. 5 th Amendment slaves are property – Scott was a slave slaves are property – Scott was a slave Property cannot be taken away without due process Property cannot be taken away without due process South = happy; North = mad South = happy; North = mad

12. Republican Party new party formed new party formed believed no man can own another believed no man can own another nominated Abraham Lincoln for Illinois Senator  he lost (Stephen Douglas wins!) nominated Abraham Lincoln for Illinois Senator  he lost (Stephen Douglas wins!)

13. Lincoln http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L80_q2tPveo did not want Union divided over slavery did not want Union divided over slavery slavery is a moral issue, not a legal one slavery is a moral issue, not a legal one not an abolitionist but wanted to stop slavery from spreading into new territories not an abolitionist but wanted to stop slavery from spreading into new territories

14. John Brown Abolitionist (Radical) Abolitionist (Radical) Raided Harpers Ferry in Virginia Raided Harpers Ferry in Virginia wanted weapons to arm slaves for rebellion wanted weapons to arm slaves for rebellion all men caught, tried, hanged all men caught, tried, hanged

15. Presidential Election of 1860 Lincoln won Lincoln won Election results made it clear: the nation no longer wanted compromise Election results made it clear: the nation no longer wanted compromise Now 18 free states, 15 slave states Now 18 free states, 15 slave states with Republican party = South is upset! with Republican party = South is upset!

16. Secession South saw Lincoln as an abolitionist South saw Lincoln as an abolitionist South Carolina – first state to break away from Union South Carolina – first state to break away from Union

17. Fort Sumter 1861 1861 Southerners captured federal fort for weapons Southerners captured federal fort for weapons 1 st battle of the Civil War 1 st battle of the Civil War no one killed, but surrendered to South no one killed, but surrendered to South

18. Confederacy Established 1861 1861 seceding states formed a new nation, the Confederate States of America, with its president = Jefferson Davis seceding states formed a new nation, the Confederate States of America, with its president = Jefferson Davis

19. SUMMARY QUIZ TIME! QUIZ TIME! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCOco 6-eK8M http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCOco 6-eK8M

20. 1. What river was the original boundary line (in 1787) that separated North from South? 1. What river was the original boundary line (in 1787) that separated North from South?

21. 2. Because of westward expansion into Missouri, what would be the new boundary line between North and South? What is the problem with that compromise? 2. Because of westward expansion into Missouri, what would be the new boundary line between North and South? What is the problem with that compromise?

22. 3. Why were both the North and South so worried about adding one more slave/free state? 3. Why were both the North and South so worried about adding one more slave/free state?

23. 4. What book created a huge uproar and changed the way Northerners thought about slavery? 4. What book created a huge uproar and changed the way Northerners thought about slavery?

24. 5. Which law promoted popular sovereignty (when voters would get to decide whether or not to have slavery)? 5. Which law promoted popular sovereignty (when voters would get to decide whether or not to have slavery)?

25. 6. What Supreme Court case sealed the fate of many blacks who wanted to escape to freedom, but now could be hunted because they were property? 6. What Supreme Court case sealed the fate of many blacks who wanted to escape to freedom, but now could be hunted because they were property?

26. 7. What political party was established that took a strong position against slavery, believing that no man can own another? 7. What political party was established that took a strong position against slavery, believing that no man can own another?

27. 8. What man decided to lead a revolt in the south, hoping to arm the slaves, but was caught and killed? 8. What man decided to lead a revolt in the south, hoping to arm the slaves, but was caught and killed?

28. 9. Who won the Presidential election of 1860 as the first Republican President? 9. Who won the Presidential election of 1860 as the first Republican President?

29. 10. Name the newly formed southern country. 10. Name the newly formed southern country.