Chemistry of Life CellsGeneticsEcologyCell DivisionDNA & RNA
Cell Basics Identify THREE things that ALL cells possess!
What are the 6 most common elements in living things? Which one is the MOST abundant? SPONCH, Carbon
What is the pH of the strongest base? 14
What are made up of many amino acids? Proteins
Monosaccharides, sugars, and polysaccharides belong to which organic molecule? Carbohydrates
How does an enzyme speed up a reaction? Lowers the activation energy
What type of cell contains a nucleus and membrane- bound organelles? A eukaryote
What is the movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration? Diffusion (Passive Transport)
What are 3 structures found in plant cells, but not animal cells? Chloroplast, cell wall, central vacuole
What is the organelle responsible for breaking down food or waste in the cell? Lysosome
What 2 organelles make energy for cells? Mitochondria and chloroplast
Organisms with 2 identical alleles are…? Homozygous
Physically what you see, genotype or phenotype? Phenotype
Most sex-linked traits are found on which chromosome? X chromosome
Blood type is an example of what type of inheritance? Multiple alleles
What type of inheritance causes a blend in the heterozygous individual? Incomplete dominance
What is an organism that makes its own food? Autotroph/producer
What type of symbiosis is it when one organism benefits and the other organism is unaffected? Commensalism
What organisms use nitrogen gas to do nitrogen fixation? Bacteria
What are two ways a population can decrease in size? Emigration, increase death rate, decrease birth rate
What is the difference between primary and secondary succession? Primary=no soil, from scratch Secondary=soil present
What type of cell division creates identical copies of cells? Mitosis
What is one thing that happens during Interphase? Growth, DNA Replication, preparation
How is cell division different in plant cells as compared to animal cells? Plant cells have a cell plate.
Put the phases of mitosis in order. c=prophase, b=metaphase, d=anaphase, a=telophase
What are three differences between mitosis and meiosis? 2 vs. 4 cells, diploid vs. haploid, 1 division vs. 2 divisions, somatic vs. gametes, identical vs. different
What is the process that creates two identical DNA molecules? Replication
What nitrogen base is found in RNA, but not DNA? Uracil
Where does transcription occur? Nucleus
What process builds an amino acid chain by reading the mRNA codons? Translation
What are the 3 parts of a DNA nucleotide? Sugar (deoxyribose), phosphate group, nitrogen base (ATGC)