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EOC Vocab List #63-125. 63 This type of cell division produces 4 genetically different haploid gametes.

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Presentation on theme: "EOC Vocab List #63-125. 63 This type of cell division produces 4 genetically different haploid gametes."— Presentation transcript:

1 EOC Vocab List #63-125

2 63 This type of cell division produces 4 genetically different haploid gametes.

3 63 Meiosis

4 64 This type of cell division produces 2 genetically identical diploid body cells.

5 64 Mitosis

6 65 This means that the cell has one complete set of chromosomes with 2 alleles for every gene.

7 65 Diploid

8 66 This means that the cell has half the original number of chromosomes with 1 allele for every gene.

9 66 Haploid

10 67 These are chromosomes that contain the same genes but not necessarily the same alleles.

11 67 Homologous (Chromosomes)

12 68 This the process that begins in Prophase I of Meiosis that increases genetic diversity.

13 68 Crossing Over

14 69 This is the first stage of Mitosis in which the spindle forms, chromatin condenses into chromosomes, and the nuclear membrane dissolves.

15 69 Prophase

16 70 This is the phase of Mitosis where chromosomes are lined up along the equator of the cell.

17 70 Metaphase

18 71 This is the phase of Mitosis where the sister chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite poles of the cell.

19 71 Anaphase

20 72 This is the final stage of Mitosis in which the spindle dissolves, chromosomes unwind into chromatin, and the nuclear membrane reforms.

21 72 Telophase

22 73 This can produce genetic disorders such as Down’s Syndrome if chromosomes do not separate correctly during Meioisis.

23 73 Nondisjunction

24 74 This organ system is responsible for producing hormones and includes the thyroid and adrenal glands.

25 74 Endocrine

26 75 This organ system is responsible for filtering the blood and includes the kidneys.

27 75 Urinary/Excretory

28 76 This organ system is responsible for transporting blood from the heart to all of the other tissues of the body.

29 76 Cardiovascular

30 77 This organ system is responsible for gas exchange and includes the lungs.

31 77 Respiratory

32 78 This organ system is responsible for communication of stimuli and coordinating responses within the body.

33 78 Nervous

34 79 This is the part of the experiment that is purposefully changed and causes the change in the measured variable.

35 79 Independent Variable

36 80 This is the part of the experiment that is the measured effect of changing the manipulated variable.

37 80 Dependent Variable

38 81 This is the part of an experiment that is used for comparison because the independent variable is not changed.

39 81 Control Group

40 82 This is the part of an experiment in which the independent variable is changed.

41 82 Experimental Group

42 83 This is a different form of a gene.

43 83 Allele

44 84 This is the segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein.

45 84 Gene

46 85 This is a compound that contains carbon.

47 85 Organic

48 86 This is a compound that does not contain carbon.

49 86 Inorganic

50 87 This is a macromolecule that is used for energy and includes monosaccharides and polysaccharides.

51 87 Carbohydrates

52 88 This is a macromolecule that is used for providing a waterproof barrier and storing long-term energy which includes fatty acids and triglycerides.

53 88 Lipids

54 89 This is a macromolecule that is used for controlling the rate of reactions, transport of substances, fighting infection, and building tissues.

55 89 Protein

56 90 This is a macromolecule that is used for storing and transmitting genetic information.

57 90 Nucleic Acid

58 91 This is the monomer that makes up a protein.

59 91 Amino Acid

60 92 This is a monomer that makes up a nucleotide and consists of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base.

61 92 Nucleotide

62 93 This is a double ringed nucleotide that includes Guanine and Adenine.

63 93 Purine

64 94 This is a single ringed nucleotide that includes Cytosine, Thymine, and Uracil.

65 94 Pyrimidine

66 95 This is the nucleic acid that is the genetic code of a cell and is transmitted to the next generation.

67 95 DNA

68 96 This is the nucleic acid that is responsible for making a copy of the genetic code within the nucleus and carrying the instructions into the cytoplasm.

69 96 Messenger RNA

70 97 This is the nucleic acid that is responsible for decoding the RNA copy of the gene and transferring the amino acids to the ribosome in the correct sequence.

71 97 Transfer RNA

72 98 This is the nucleic acid that is responsible for bonding the amino acids together to form a polypeptide.

73 98 Ribosomal RNA

74 99 This is the enzyme that is responsible for adding complementary base pairs to the new strands of DNA during DNA replication.

75 99 DNA Polymerase

76 100 This is the enzyme that is responsible for breaking the hydrogen bonds that hold the two complementary strands of DNA together during DNA replication.

77 100 Helicase

78 101 This is the process of copying the DNA sequence into the complementary sequence of RNA within the nucleus.

79 101 Transcription

80 102 This is the process of bonding the correct sequence of amino acids together in order to build a protein.

81 102 Translation

82 103 This is the physical expression of a specific inheritable trait.

83 103 Phenotype

84 104 This is the genetic makeup of an organism that determines the expression of a specific trait.

85 104 Genotype

86 105 This is a form of a gene that only requires one allele in order to be expressed in the phenotype.

87 105 Dominant

88 106 This is a form of a gene that requires two alleles in order to be expressed in the phenotype.

89 106 Recessive

90 107 This is an inheritance pattern in which two alleles are equally expressed in the phenotype.

91 107 Codominance

92 108 This is an inheritance pattern in which two alleles are expressed in order to produce an intermediate phenotype.

93 108 Incomplete Dominance

94 109 This is an inheritance pattern in which males and females have an equal chance of inheriting the trait. Both males and females must inherit two alleles in order to express the trait.

95 109 Autosomal Recessive

96 110 This is an inheritance pattern in which males have a higher chance of inheriting the trait than females. Females must inherit two alleles but males only have to inherit one allele in order to express the trait.

97 110 Sex-Linked Recessive

98 111 This means that an individual has two identical alleles for a particular trait.

99 111 Homozygous

100 112 This means that an individual has two different alleles for a particular trait.

101 112 Heterozygous

102 113 This is the ability for an organism to maintain a stable internal environment.

103 113 Homeostasis

104 114 This type of molecule makes up the two distinct layers of biological membranes.

105 114 Phospholipid

106 115 This type of molecule is a protein that speeds up chemical reactions by lowering the amount of activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

107 115 Enzyme

108 116 This is type of molecule is the major source of energy for the cell.

109 116 ATP

110 117 This type of chemical bond is the strongest and forms because electrons are shared.

111 117 Covalent (Bond)

112 118 This type of chemical bond is the weakest and is and forms because of electric charges between molecules.

113 118 Hydrogen (Bond)

114 119 This type of molecule is partially charged due to the unequal sharing of electrons.

115 119 Polar

116 120 This is formed when atoms gain or lose electrons and therefore become electrically charged.

117 120 Ion

118 121 This is formed when atoms gain or lose neutrons and therefore have a different atomic mass.

119 121 Isotope

120 122 This is the property of water that allows water to rise.

121 122 Capillary Action

122 123 This is the property of water that causes water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules.

123 123 Cohesion

124 124 This is a solution that has a higher concentration of H + ions and a lower concentration of OH - ions.

125 124 Acid

126 125 This is a solution that has a lower concentration of H + ions and a higher concentration of OH - ions.

127 125 Base


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