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Biology 2018 Final Review Miller and Levine
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All living things are made up of________________.
bones blood cells elements
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If a cell of an organism contains a nucleus, the organism is a(n)____________.
eukaryote prokaryote plant animal
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Despite differences in shape and size, all cells have cytoplasm and a _____________.
cell wall mitochondrion cell membrane nucleus
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Photosynthesis takes place in the _____________ in plant cells.
cell wall chloroplast mitochondria nucleus
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Which of the following controls what enters and leaves the cell?
mitochondria cell membrane nucleus vacuole
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In many cells, the structure that controls the cell’s activities is the__________.
cell membrane nucleolus organelle nucleus
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Which organelle converts the chemical energy in food into a form that cells can use?
nucleolus mitochondria chromosomes chloroplast
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Threadlike structures that contain genetic information are called ___________.
ribosomes nuclei chromosomes mitochondria
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This organelle translates information from RNA into proteins.
ribosome mitochondria chromosome chloroplast
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The movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane is called ______________.
exocytosis endocytosis phagocytosis osmosis
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Which statement best describes the result of placing a cell from fresh water into a concentrated sugar solution. water moves into the cell water moves out of the cell protein synthesis begins sugar moves out of the cell
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What is the gelatin like substance between the nucleus and the cell membrane called?
ribosome chloroplast endoplasmic reticulum cytoplasm
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The process of cell division results in ______________.
sister chromatids two identical daughter cells mitosis unregulated growth
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If a cell has 4 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each of its daughter cells have after mitosis? 8 12 4 16
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During ______________, the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell.
prophase metaphase anaphase telophase
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The timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells is believed to be controlled by a group of closely related proteins called _____________. chromatids centromeres centrioles cyclins
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_____________ is an in between phase where a cell goes through a period of growth.
prophase interphase telophase metaphase
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Uncontrolled cell division occurs in ____________.
cancer mitosis cytokinesis cyclin
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The _________ is a mictrotubule structure that helps separate the chromosomes.
cytoplasm spindle centriole none of the above
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Different forms of a gene are called ____________.
hybrids alleles dominant factors recessive factors
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A Punnett Square is used to determine the _________.
probable outcome of a cross actual outcome of a cross result of mitosis result of meiosis
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Organisms that have two identical alleles for the same trait are said to be _____.
dominant heterozygous homozygous recessive
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The physical characteristics of an organism is its _____.
genotype heredity phenotype genetics
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Organisms that have two different alleles for the same trait are said to be _____.
dominant heterozygous homozygous recessive
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The scientific study of heredity is known as __________.
genotype heredity phenotype genetics
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A nucleotide contains ________.
DNA polymerase, a phosphate group, a nitrogen base 5-carbon sugar, phosphate group, a nitrogen base a 5 carbon sugar, nitrogen base and DNA polymerase none of the above
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During replication, which sequence of nucleotides would bond with the DNA sequence ATA ACG CCT?
TAT TGC GGA UAU UGC GGA TAA TCG GGA
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During DNA replication, the DNA molecule separates into two strands, and then produces two ________________ following the rules of base pairing. complementary strands RNA molecules transformations DNA polymerase molecules
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In a DNA or RNA molecule, the nucleotide adenine bonds with ___________.
both cytosine and thymine thymine or uracil cytosine guanine
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The nitrogenous bases are held together in a DNA molecule by __________.
nothing water hydrogen bonds ionic bonds
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The process of decoding m-RNA into a protein is called ____________.
transformation transcription translation translocation
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The process by which the genetic code of DNA is copied into a strand of m-RNA is called ______________. translation transformation transcription replication transcription
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Changes in the DNA sequence that affect genetic information are known as ______.
replications transformations prokaryotes mutations
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In messenger RNA, each codon specifies a particular _____________.
nucleotide amino acid purine pyrimidine
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An expressed gene is one that is ________________.
functions as a promoter is transcribed into m-RNA codes for only one amino acid is made of r-RNA
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Anti-codons are three unpaired bases on a _________ molecule.
DNA m-RNA r-RNA t-RNA
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There are __________ stop codons in m-RNA.
five three none two
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There are _________start codons.
three two one none one (AUG)
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The_________ is where the m-RNA molecule is translated into a protein.
cytoplasm mitochondria nucleus ribosome
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__________ is a polymer of amino acids.
DNA Protein t-RNA r-RNA
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