Narrative Writing Tells a Story It Can Be Fiction or Nonfiction Fiction Types Realistic  seem like people you know or meet Fantastic  characters are unusual not like real life  characters have special powers or are personified

Types of Fictional Narratives  Short Stories  Novels  Folk Tales, Myths, and legends  Drama

Short Story

Novel  Elements of plot, characterization, setting, and theme developed in detail  Has plots and subplots  Usually not completed in one sitting

Myths, Legends, Folktales Myths  Story handed down through time  Explains certain aspects of life and nature Legends –  Handed down through time  Explain how or why something in nature was created  Can be based on story in history  Exaggerated details and characters Folktales –  Handed down from generation to generation  Unusual characters and special abilities  Teach a lesson

Drama  Piece of literature written to be performed in front of an audience.

Fictional Narrative Elements  Setting  Characters  Plot  Theme  Point of View  Dialogue  Tone  Style  Motivation

Setting  Time and place where the events occur  Includes traditions, rituals, and customs of a time period  Stated outright or must guess from words that tell when, where  Speech, clothing, or means of transportation, details that appeal to the five senses, touch hearing sight smell taste

Characterization  Character is a person or animal in a story  Main characters Larger roles  Minor characters smaller roles  Characterization is the different ways an author tells readers about characters  Author tells reader directly how character looks, acts, thinks and feels  Author indirectly comments,through thoughts, and actions of the other characters

Plot  Arrangement of events in a work of literature  Contains a beginning, middle, and end  Contains a situation, can be :  A problem  Conflict  A mystery Parts of a plot  Exposition  Introduces character setting and conflict  Rising action  Builds the conflict and develops the characters  Climax  Highest point of the action,  Occurs at end of story  Resolution  Problem is solved  Loose ends are tied up

Theme  the author’s insight into life

Point of View  Author pretends to be someone else when writing the story  Sees through the eye of that person Types First person  Author is character in the story events  Told through his/her own eyes,  Use of I/ me pronouns Third person  Not the character in the story  Looks through the eyes of one or more characters  Use of he/ she/ they pronouns

Dialogue  Conversation between two or more people  Exact words a character says  Set off in quotes  Makes story real, adds humor, excitement anticipation,or sadness to a story  Builds the characters in the eyes of the readers their feelings,background, and personality  Get the characters involved personally so that the action can flow

Tone  Writer’s attitude toward his/her subject matter  Examples:  Bitter  Angry  Sad

Style  Author’s own distinctive way of writing  Made up of  Word choice  Sentence length and structure  Figures of speech  Tone

Motivation  Reason that explains or partially explains a character’s :  Thoughts  Feelings  Actions  Dialogue

Literary Terms Figurative language Foreshadowing Personification Irony Symbol

Figurative Language  Language that appeal to the reader’s senses  Sight  See it through he words  Hearing  Bringing sounds alive  Smell  Words that make reader’s sense of smell come alive  Taste  Negative or positive taste experiences  Touch  Make reader experience what something feels like Metaphor  One object is compared to another, unlike object  Indicates that the two have something in common, like is not used  The more familiar thing helps describe the less familiar one Simile  Comparison to two objects using like or as

Foreshadowing  Clues or hints given by author about future plot events  Subtle, not usually picked up first time through

Personification  Human qualities are given to places,objects, Animals, or ideas  Used to create mood

Irony (of Situation)  The outcome is opposite not just different from what one would usually or reasonably expect  Example: win lottery can be negative

Symbol  Something in the story that has a meaning beyond what it actually is (object, design, color etc.)  Example: American Flag