1. What parts make up a story?
Story Elements
What parts make up a story?

2. Story Elements Setting Characters Plot Conflict Resolution
Point of View
Tone
Theme

3. Setting
Setting is the “where and when” of a story. It is the time and place during which the story takes place.

4. Setting Time and place are where the action occurs
Details that describe:
Furniture
Scenery
Customs
Transportation
Clothing
Dialects
Weather
Time of day
Time of year

5. Elements of a Setting

6. The Functions of a Setting
To create a mood or atmosphere
To show a reader a different way of life
To make action seem more real
To be the source of conflict or struggle
To symbolize an idea

7. Mood
Mood is the feeling that the author tries to convey throughout the story. The atmosphere or emotional condition created by the piece, within the setting. Does the author want the reader to be frightened or sad, or does the story make the reader laugh and think happy thoughts?
To figure out mood, examine how you feel while reading the story. Often mood is conveyed by the story’s setting.

8. Characters
The people the story is about; characters are sometimes animals.

9. Characters Protagonist and antagonist are used to describe characters.
The protagonist is the main character of the story, the one with whom the reader identifies. This person is not necessary “good”.
The antagonist is the force in opposition of the protagonist; this person may not be “bad” or “evil”, but he/she opposes the protagonist in a significant way.

10. Characterization
A writer reveals what a character is like and how the character changes throughout the story.
Two primary methods of characterization:
Direct- writer tells what the character is like
Indirect- writer shows what a character is like by describing what the character looks like, by telling what the character says and does, and by what other characters say about and do in response to the character.

11. Factors in Analyzing Characters
Physical appearance of character
Personality
Background/personal history
Motivation
Relationships
Conflict
Does character change?

12. Plot
Plot is what happens and how it happens in a narrative. The events that make the action; includes conflict and resolution. A narrative is any work that tells a story, such as a short story, a novel, a drama, or a narrative poem.

13. Parts of a Plot Exposition - introduction
Inciting incident – event that gives rise to conflict
Rising Action- events that occur as result of central conflict
Climax- highest point of interest or suspense of story
Falling action – loose ends begin to be tied up
Resolution- when conflict ends

14. Special Techniques used in a Story
Suspense- build-up of excitement, tension, curiosity
Foreshadowing- hint or clue about what will happen in story
Flashback- interrupts the normal sequence of events to tell about something that happened in the past
Symbolism – use of specific objects or images to represent ideas
Personification – when you make a thing,
idea or animal do something only humans do
Surprise Ending - conclusion that reader
does not expect

15. Conflict
Conflict is a problem that must be solved; an issue between the protagonist and antagonist forces. It forms the basis of the plot.
Conflicts can be external or internal
External conflict- outside force may be person, group, animal, nature, or a nonhuman obstacle
Internal conflict- takes place in a character’s mind

16. Types of conflict Person vs person Person vs society Person vs fate
Person vs nature
Person vs self

17. Resolution
How the character resolves the problem

18. Diagram of Plot Climax Falling Action Development/ Rising Action
Introduction/ Exposition
Resolution
Inciting incident/ Opening situation

20. Point of View
The storyteller as a participant in the action (first-person point of view); the storyteller outside of the action (third-person point of view)

21. Point of View
Who is the storyteller? In First-person point of view, the author uses the words I and me, and the story is told as though the author was a participant in the events. In Third-person point of view, the pronouns used are he, she, they, and the author is a storyteller who is outside of the events.

22. Tone Manner of expression or
language the speaker/narrator uses to reveal attitudes ( opinions and feelings) about characters, places, or events. Tone only refers to the narrative voice, not to the author or character.

23. Theme
The theme is the central, general message, the main idea, the controlling topic about life or people the author wants to get across through a literary work
To discover the theme of a story, think big. What big message is the author trying to say about the world in which we live?
What is this story telling me about how life works, or how people behave?

24. The Theme is also
the practical lesson ( moral) that we learn from a story after we read it. The lesson that teaches us what to do or how to behave after you have learned something from a story or something that has happened to you.
Example: The lesson or teaching of the story is be careful when you’re offered something for nothing.

25. Any questions?