1. Literary Terms

2. 5 Elements of the PLOT Exposition **Character & Setting
Rising Action **Conflict
Climax
Falling Action (Denouement)
Resolution

3. Setting Time and Place of action of the story
It is important to the events and outcomes of the story.
The setting is both large and small in scope

4. Characters
ANTAGONIST- character working against the main character; usually evil, can be force of nature.
PROTAGONIST- main character of story, hero
DYNAMIC- character who changes throughout story.
STATIC - character who does NOT change throughout story.
ROUND- character who has many traits; we get to know this charac. in-depth.
FLAT- character who is described more simply.

5. Characterization
There are four ways that an author develops characters:
Through their actions
Through their speech
Through their thoughts
Through what others say about them

6. Conflict Struggle between two opposing forces 6 main types of conflict
- Man vs Man - Man vs Nature
- Man vs Self - Man vs Society
Man vs Supernatural - Man vs Machine
(technology)
Each type falls into one of two categories:
external- conflict between an outside force and the main character
internal- one occurs within a character

7. Theme Main ideas in a work of literature
Usually about life or human nature
A message, meaning, or moral the author wants you to learn

8. Point of View First Person 3rd Person
character in story is telling the story
I, me, my
reader only knows what the narrator is thinking
3rd Person
Storyteller is NOT one of the characters
He, she, they
Reader gets to know the thoughts of many characters
*Omniscient: All knowing
or God-like perspective
*Limited: One main character

9. FLASHBACK FORESHADOWING
Something that happened before the beginning of a story
FORESHADOWING
use of clues to hint at events that will occur later in the plot

10. Irony
Situational Irony: A contrast between what is expected to happen and what actually does.
Verbal Irony: A contrast between what is said and what is meant.
Dramatic Irony: When the reader knows something that characters do not.

11. Imagery Imagery: The use of detailed descriptions to paint a picture.
Imagery appeals to the five senses.
Authors usually use sight imagery, but imagery can be sound, taste, touch, or smell.

12. Tone Created by the AUTHOR
Attitude a writer takes towards a subject
Reflects the feelings of a writer
Can be sarcastic, humorous, serious,etc.

13. Mood Experienced by the READER
The feeling or atmosphere that the author creates for the reader.
Do not confuse Mood with Tone.
The mood is the feeling you are supposed to get when reading the story.

14. Simile
A comparison of two different things or ideas through the use of the words “like” or “as.”
The warrior fought like a lion.

15. Metaphor A direct comparison between two unlike things.
Life is but a dream.

16. Personification
When an author gives human qualities to nonhuman things.
e.g., The wind cried in the dark.

17. Allusion
When an author refers to characters or events from history or other pieces of literature
She was beautiful like Venus, the Goddess of love.

18. Symbol Person Place Event or
Object that stands for something beyond itself
Example: a bird in a cage would symbolize lost freedom

19. Allegory
When the events, characters, and setting of a story are all symbolic of life.