Adjusting to Peace Chapter 27, Section 1, Part 2

From Allies to Enemies  During World War II = BFF’s  After World War II = Enemies!  Soviet Union = Communism  United States = Democracy  Too many differences :(  During World War II = BFF’s  After World War II = Enemies!  Soviet Union = Communism  United States = Democracy  Too many differences :(

The Iron Curtain  Stalin spread Communism over Eastern Europe  Winston Churchill: “an iron curtain has fallen across the continent”  Cold War  Struggle for global power between the U.S. and Soviet Union  Stalin spread Communism over Eastern Europe  Winston Churchill: “an iron curtain has fallen across the continent”  Cold War  Struggle for global power between the U.S. and Soviet Union

Cold War Policies  U.S. quickly put in place  Containment  Preventing Soviet Union from expanding its influence around the world  U.S. quickly put in place  Containment  Preventing Soviet Union from expanding its influence around the world

Truman Doctrine  Soviet Union wanted more areas around the Mediterranean Sea  Harry Truman in office  Truman Doctrine  Provide aid to help foreign countries fight communism  Soviet Union wanted more areas around the Mediterranean Sea  Harry Truman in office  Truman Doctrine  Provide aid to help foreign countries fight communism

Marshall Plan  After WWII, Europe still unstable  U.S. needs Europe for trade  Marshall Plan  Western Europe received more than $13 billion in U.S.loans and grants for recovery  After WWII, Europe still unstable  U.S. needs Europe for trade  Marshall Plan  Western Europe received more than $13 billion in U.S.loans and grants for recovery

Beginnings of the Berlin Wall  U.S., France, and Britain wanted to join occupied zones of Germany  Soviet = NO  June 24th, 1948  Blocked all rail, highway, and water traffic between West Germany and Berlin  U.S., France, and Britain wanted to join occupied zones of Germany  Soviet = NO  June 24th, 1948  Blocked all rail, highway, and water traffic between West Germany and Berlin

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)  Western European Countries, United States, Iceland and Canada  Promised to defend each other if attacked  Warsaw Pact  Eastern European Countries and Soviet Union  Same type of promise  Western European Countries, United States, Iceland and Canada  Promised to defend each other if attacked  Warsaw Pact  Eastern European Countries and Soviet Union  Same type of promise

The Post War Economy  Women had to give up jobs so men returning from war could have them back  GI Bill of Rights  Offered veterans money for school as well as loans for houses, farms, and businesses  Women had to give up jobs so men returning from war could have them back  GI Bill of Rights  Offered veterans money for school as well as loans for houses, farms, and businesses

Labor Unrest  Many people went on strike in the 1940’s  Wanted better pay  Many people went on strike in the 1940’s  Wanted better pay

Civil Rights  After serving in the war, African Americans still faced segregation at home  Truman issued an executive order ending segregation in the armed forces and in the hiring of federal employees  After serving in the war, African Americans still faced segregation at home  Truman issued an executive order ending segregation in the armed forces and in the hiring of federal employees

Election of 1948  Didn’t look like Truman could win  Passed the Fair Deal  Higher minimum wage, creation of a national health insurance plan, and expanded Social Security  He won  Didn’t look like Truman could win  Passed the Fair Deal  Higher minimum wage, creation of a national health insurance plan, and expanded Social Security  He won