Understand physical development PCD Objective 4.01 Understand physical development and care of the infant (Birth-1 year old)

Infancy Period between birth and one year old

Never in a person’s lifetime will there be more rapid growth and physical changes than during infancy.

Physical Development Growth Increase in a baby’s size and weight Increasing ability to control and coordinate body movements Flowers will grow when water/fed… babies will grow if loved, nurtured and fed!!!

Development Increases in skills Physical Cognitive Emotional Social

Can you name that development? PHYSICAL

Okay, so which one is this? Social

And this???? Emotional

Last one…. Cognitive

Patterns of physical development Head to Foot Babies develop control of head and neck muscles first, then control of muscles move down baby and end with control of legs and feet Head and neck then Legs and feet

Patterns of physical development Near to Far Development begins at the trunk of the body and moves outward to hands and feet Trunk/body Hands and feet Trunk grows first then leaves….body develops first then hands and feet

Patterns of physical development Simple to Complex Large muscle development takes place first leading to more fine muscle and complex abilities later Large then small muscles

Patterns of Physical Development Activity Your group (table) each has a pattern. Your job is to teach your type/pattern to the class so we can understand the pattern. Ideas: Use hand motions to teach the pattern as a memory device. 5 minutes to come up with an idea. Each group will show the class and the whole class will need to learn the “memory device.” On the count of 3…1, 2, 3 GO!!

Physical Facts about Infants Vision Length

Weight (Wt.) Amount of body mass a baby has Infant gains 1-2 lbs per month in the first six months Wt. gain is one of the best signs of good health Most babies lose about 10% of their birth wt. in the 1st 5 days of life

Categories of Growth & Development during the 1st year Afterward, they gain wt. rapidly Gain 1-2 pounds (lbs) per month in the 1st 6 months Gain 1 lb per month in the next 6 months Average wt. of a 1 yr. old is 20-22 lbs.

Length The number of inches tall an infant measures lying down Measure length instead of height because they are lying down Average baby is 20 inches long at birth

Categories of growth and development during the first year Boys are slightly longer than girls Average baby at 1 yr. is 30 inches long Body shape category: Description on how an Infant looks Hold themselves in a tightly secured position with fists clenched

Categories of growth and development during the first year Skinny arms and legs, large abdomen Navel cord usually falls off in 3 wks. Body straightens out during the 1st 6 mths.

Proportion Relates to the size relationship between different parts of the body Baby’s head and abdomen are large, and the legs and arms are short and small Skull has fontanels What is fontanels? Open space in babies skull Allows for brain growth

A stimulating environment Use picture of baby to write the 5 senses. Baby has a wide variety of things to: See Taste Smell Hear Touch Enhances development

Vision Improves rapidly during the 1st yr. Blurry at birth but within a week or so, infant is aware of surroundings By 1 mth., infant can focus on objects as faraway as 3 feet By 6 mths., eyesight reaches the sharpness of adult vision Child sees two-dimensionally 1st and then develops depth perception Distance awareness

Will stop here and continue tomorrow! Vision Two-dimensional seeing an object flat Three-dimensional see all sides of an object Will stop here and continue tomorrow!

Hearing Develops before birth Can tell the direction of sound Language develops with hearing spoken words

Touch Babies rely on touch of others to teach them about the environment For exploration (discovery) Becomes a more important sense for learning as year progresses

Smell & Taste Develop after birth Within 10 days they can distinguish their mother from any other person by smell Two-week old babies can taste the difference between water, sour, sugar, and salt, and milk

Voice Shrill (sharp, harsh), but softens as lungs mature Change in the voice results from physical growth of the throat muscles Tongue Lips Teeth Vocal Cords Change in tongue and in the shape and proportion of the inside of the mouth during the first months of life leads to speech development

Motor Skills At birth babies have little control over their muscles Gross motor skills Large muscles Arms Legs Fine motor skills Small muscles Hands Fingers

Gross vs. Fine Motor Skills Directions: Use pipe cleaner to create an object that would represent the motor skill at your table. Everybody’s object needs to be different. Use your creative minds to think of a small or large muscle object babies can use, touch, play with, etc.

Use Handout “Know Your Reflexes” Appendix 4.01D

Reflexes At birth Automatic set of reflexes to help them survive

Grasp Makes a fist over object placed in hand

Rooting When cheek is stroked Baby turns toward the side stroked with open mouth

Startle When baby’s position changes quickly or a loud noise occurs baby throws head back, arms out and arches back

Babinski Occurs when baby’s foot is stroked and the toes fan out and foot twists in

Sucking Occurs when something is put in a baby’s mouth

Reflexes group project/presentation Directions: Use baby doll to demonstrate the reflex provide to your group Be ready to tell us what reflex you have, what it means, and then demonstrate to the class using the baby doll what would occur during that reflex.

Influences on Physical Development Eating foods that contain essential nutrients the body needs to grow and develop is to a child’s lifelong health. Staying healthy is closely related to eating well and having energy to be active. Key to development=experiences.

Infant physical care Handling Feeding Teeth Bathing Dressing Diapering Sleeping Medical care Use handout to match the word to the picture that best describes the infant physical care You the handout to complete your notes.

Handling ALWAYS Support head/neck CPSC to Warn of Deadly Baby Sling Dangers http://bit.ly/b36hXB CBS Early Show

Breastfeeding vs. Bottle Feeding Mother will need to decide which one Breastfeeding is free & more nutritious Bottle feeding can be done by anybody anywhere, but is very expensive Burp/get air out of lungs after baby eats When baby seems ready for solid foods, make sure you introduction one at a time. This way you can determine if baby is allergic to that food. http://bit.ly/comDpF

Teeth Will appear during their first year Teething will hurt, may cry and need numbing medicine See Dr. for advice Take good care of your babies teeth and gums Brush gums with warm, wet wash cloth

Bathing Sponge bath Before naval heals Tub bath After naval heals

Dressing Dress babies comfortably Weather/climate appropriate They don’t need too many layers of clothing, they tend to get hot easy.

Diapering Decide whether to use: Disposable diapers (Expensive, easier) VS. Cloth diapers (FREE, but messier) Need to get a changing table and know the steps to diapering a baby! http://www.dupagehealth.org/ehs/inst/diaper.asp

Sleeping Need to establish a Routine Proper position Back to sleep Tummy to play http://fsid.server5d.textor.com/front-play-campaign.html http://www.selah.k12.wa.us/soar/sciproj99/MoniqueSciProj.html Science experiment

http://www. toolsofchange. com/images/documentimages/SIDS/sidposter_en http://www.toolsofchange.com/images/documentimages/SIDS/sidposter_en.jpg

Medical care Wellness checkups Make sure baby goes to their regular Dr. visits Will need to get shots, etc.

http://www.safesurrender.net/

Taking Care of Baby Video Video segments to show you how to take care of an Infant. Use the handout provided to fill in answers for 1-6. Place this handout with questions answered in your 4.01 section of your notebook.

A Child Grows The First Year 24 minute Video Watch video carefully. You will be given a QUIZ (1-10) after it has ended.

Which illustrates the early pattern of physical development near to far? An infant can crawl across the floor for a toy. An infant can lift his head before he sits up. And infant can lift up the leg and wiggle his toes. An infant can reach out for his mother with both arms. (B)

The infant’s head was much bigger than the rest of his body The infant’s head was much bigger than the rest of his body. What category of growth during the first year is this? Body shape Proportion Vision Weight (B)

Which is correct about infant physical development? Eating and exercising are not necessary for the health of an infant. Infants are too young to be stimulated by going places with parents. Infants can be stimulated by going places with parents. Select toys for infants that teach them to press keys. (C)

"The Empathy Belly" ® Pregnancy Simulator                                     "The Empathy Belly"® Pregnancy Simulator lets you know what it feels like to be pregnant! It is a multi-component, weighted "garment" that will through medically accurate simulation – enable men, women, teenage girls and boys to experience over 20 symptoms and effects of pregnancy, including:

Including…. Weight gain of 30 pounds (13.6 kg.) Fetal kicking and stroking movements Shallow breathing and shortness of breath Increased blood pressure, pulse and body temperature Bladder pressure and frequency of urination Low backaches; shift in center of gravity; waddling Fatigue, irritability, and much, much more!”

Tootie Tot song and dance

Boys will wear the Emathy Belly too!

“Did it work Cynthia?” “YES!” Empathy To put yourself in someone else’s shoes to understand what they are going through!

Empathy Belly Video