1. Understand physical development
PCD
Objective 4.01
Understand physical development
and care of the infant
(Birth-1 year old)

2. Infancy Period between birth and one year old

3. Never in a person’s lifetime will there be more rapid growth and
physical changes than during
infancy.

4. Physical Development Growth
Increase in a baby’s size and weight
Increasing ability to control and coordinate body movements
Flowers will grow when water/fed… babies will grow if loved, nurtured and fed!!!

5. Development
Increases in skills
Physical
Cognitive
Emotional
Social

6. Can you name that development?
PHYSICAL

7. Okay, so which one is this?
Social

8. And this????
Emotional

9. Last one….
Cognitive

10. Patterns of physical development
Head to Foot
Babies develop control of head and neck muscles first, then control of muscles move down baby and end with control of legs and feet
Head and neck
then
Legs and feet

11. Patterns of physical development
Near to Far
Development begins at the trunk of the body and moves outward to hands and feet
Trunk/body
Hands and feet
Trunk grows first then leaves….body develops first then hands and feet

12. Patterns of physical development
Simple to Complex
Large muscle development takes place first leading to more fine muscle and complex abilities later
Large
then
small
muscles

13. Patterns of Physical Development Activity
Your group (table) each has a pattern.
Your job is to teach your type/pattern to the class so we can understand the pattern.
Ideas:
Use hand motions to teach the pattern as a memory device.
5 minutes to come up with an idea.
Each group will show the class and the whole class will need to learn the “memory device.”
On the count of 3…1, 2, 3 GO!!

14. Physical Facts about Infants
Vision
Length

15. Weight (Wt.) Amount of body mass a baby has
Infant gains 1-2 lbs per month in the first six months
Wt. gain is one of the best signs of good health
Most babies lose about 10% of their birth wt. in the 1st 5 days of life

16. Categories of Growth & Development during the 1st year
Afterward, they gain wt. rapidly
Gain 1-2 pounds (lbs) per month in the 1st 6 months
Gain 1 lb per month in the next 6 months
Average wt. of a 1 yr. old is lbs.

17. Length The number of inches tall an infant measures lying down
Measure length instead of height because they are lying down
Average baby is 20 inches long at birth

18. Categories of growth and development during the first year
Boys are slightly longer than girls
Average baby at 1 yr. is 30 inches long
Body shape category:
Description on how an Infant looks
Hold themselves in a tightly secured position with fists clenched

19. Categories of growth and development during the first year
Skinny arms and legs, large abdomen
Navel cord usually falls off in 3 wks.
Body straightens out during the 1st 6 mths.

20. Proportion
Relates to the size relationship between different parts of the body
Baby’s head and abdomen are large, and the legs and arms are short and small
Skull has fontanels
What is fontanels?
Open space in babies skull
Allows for brain growth

21. A stimulating environment
Use picture of baby to write notes on the five senses.
Baby has a wide variety of things to:
See
Taste
Smell
Hear
Touch
Enhances development

22. Vision Improves rapidly during the 1st yr. Blurry at birth
within week or so, infant is aware of surroundings
By 1 mth.
infant can focus on objects as faraway as 3 feet
By 6 mths.
eyesight reaches the sharpness of adult vision
Child sees two-dimensionally 1st and then develops depth perception
Distance awareness

23. Vision Two-dimensional Three-dimensional seeing an object flat
see all sides of an object

24. Hearing Develops before birth Can tell the direction of sound
Language develops with hearing spoken words

25. Touch
Babies rely on touch of others to teach them about the environment
For exploration (discovery)
Becomes a more important sense for learning as year progresses

26. Smell & Taste Develop after birth
Within 10 days they can distinguish their mother from any other person by smell
Two-week old babies can taste the difference between water, sour, sugar, and salt, and milk

27. Voice Shrill (sharp, harsh), but softens as lungs mature
Change in the voice results from physical growth of the
throat muscles
Tongue
Lips
Teeth
Vocal Cords
Change in tongue and in the shape and proportion of the inside of the mouth during the first months of life leads to speech development

28. Motor Skills At birth babies have little control over their muscles
Gross motor skills
Large muscles
Arms
Legs
Fine motor skills
Small muscles
Hands
Fingers

29. Gross vs. Fine Motor Skills
Directions:
Use pipe cleaner to create an object that would represent the motor skill at your table.
Everybody’s object needs to be different.
Use your creative minds to think of a small or large muscle object babies can use, touch, play with, etc.

30. Use Handout
“Know Your Reflexes”
Appendix 4.01D

31. Reflexes
At birth
Automatic set of reflexes to help them survive

32. Grasp
Makes a fist over object placed in hand

33. Rooting When cheek is stroked
Baby turns toward the side stroked with open mouth

34. Startle
When baby’s position changes quickly or a loud noise occurs baby throws head back, arms out and arches back

35. Babinski
Occurs when baby’s foot is stroked and the toes fan out and foot twists in

36. Sucking
Occurs when something is put in a baby’s mouth

37. Reflexes group project/presentation
Directions:
Use baby doll to demonstrate the reflex provide to your group
Be ready to tell us what reflex you have, what it means, and then demonstrate to the class using the baby doll what would occur during that reflex.

38. Influences on Physical Development
Eating foods that contain essential nutrients the body needs to grow and develop is to a child’s lifelong health.
Staying healthy is closely related to eating well and having energy to be active.
Key to development=experiences.

39. Infant physical care Handling Feeding Teeth Bathing Dressing Diapering
Sleeping
Medical care
Use handout to match the word to the picture that best describes the infant physical care
You the handout to complete your notes.

40. Handling ALWAYS Support head/neck
CPSC to Warn of Deadly Baby Sling Dangers
CBS Early Show

41. Breastfeeding vs. Bottle Feeding
Mother will need to decide which one
Breastfeeding is free & more nutritious
Bottle feeding can be done by anybody anywhere, but is very expensive
Burp/get air out of lungs after baby eats
When baby seems ready for solid foods, make sure you introduction one at a time.
This way you can determine if baby is allergic to that food.

42. Teeth Will appear during their first year
Teething will hurt, may cry and need numbing medicine
See Dr. for advice
Take good care of your babies teeth and gums
Brush gums with warm, wet wash cloth

43. Bathing
Sponge bath
Before naval heals
Tub bath
After naval heals

44. Dressing Dress babies comfortably Weather/climate appropriate
They don’t need too many layers of clothing, they tend to get hot easy.

45. Diapering Decide whether to use:
Disposable diapers (Expensive, easier)
VS.
Cloth diapers (FREE, but messier)
Need to get a changing table and know the steps to diapering a baby!

47. Sleeping Need to establish a Routine Proper position
Back to sleep
Tummy to play
Science experiment

48. http://www. toolsofchange. com/images/documentimages/SIDS/sidposter_en

50. Medical care Wellness checkups
Make sure baby goes to their regular Dr. visits
Will need to get shots, etc.

52. Taking Care of Baby Video
Video segments to show you how to take care of an Infant.
Use the handout provided to fill in answers for 1-6.
Place this handout with questions answered in your 4.01 section of your notebook.

53. A Child Grows The First Year 24 minute Video
Watch video carefully.
You will be given a QUIZ (1-10) after it has ended.

54. Which illustrates the early pattern of physical development near to far?
An infant can crawl across the floor for a toy.
An infant can lift his head before he sits up.
And infant can lift up the leg and wiggle his toes.
An infant can reach out for his mother with both arms.
(B)

55. The infant’s head was much bigger than the rest of his body
The infant’s head was much bigger than the rest of his body. What category of growth during the first year is this?
Body shape
Proportion
Vision
Weight
(B)

56. Which is correct about infant physical development?
Eating and exercising are not necessary for the health of an infant.
Infants are too young to be stimulated by going places with parents.
Infants can be stimulated by going places with parents.
Select toys for infants that teach them to press keys.
(C)

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58. Including…. Weight gain of 30 pounds (13.6 kg.)
Fetal kicking and stroking movements
Shallow breathing and shortness of breath
Increased blood pressure, pulse and body temperature
Bladder pressure and frequency of urination
Low backaches; shift in center of gravity; waddling
Fatigue, irritability, and much, much more!”

59. Tootie Tot song and dance

60. Boys will wear the Emathy Belly too!

61. “Did it work Cynthia?” “YES!” Empathy
To put yourself in someone else’s shoes to understand what they are going through!

62. Empathy Belly Video