World War I Course of the War

Stalemate Neither side could gain an advantage Neither side could gain an advantage Three main fronts Three main fronts  Western: mainly in France  Eastern: Russia  Ottoman: Turkey

Western Front Trench Warfare Trench Warfare 500 miles of trenches from the North Sea to the Swiss border 500 miles of trenches from the North Sea to the Swiss border

Western Front War of attrition War of attrition Millions killed or wounded Millions killed or wounded

Trench Warfare

Eastern Front Russia never recovered from the defeat at Tannenberg Russia never recovered from the defeat at Tannenberg Russia’s only asset was its huge population Russia’s only asset was its huge population It helped the allies by tying up hundreds of thousands of German troops in the east It helped the allies by tying up hundreds of thousands of German troops in the east

Ottoman Front Gallipoli (1915) Gallipoli (1915)  Allies tried to conquer Turkey in order to get supplies to Russia  The battle ended in stalemate and the Allies had to withdraw after a year

U.S. Enters the War Four Reasons Four Reasons  Sinking of the Lusitania  Unrestricted submarine warfare; Germany attacked all ships in the North Atlantic  Zimmermann Note  Cultural Ties to Britain

Russia Withdraws Czar Nicholas II abdicates the throne in March, 1917 Czar Nicholas II abdicates the throne in March, 1917 Provisional government continues the war; 5.5 million Russian casualties Provisional government continues the war; 5.5 million Russian casualties

Russia Withdraws  Russian Revolution in November, 1917  Treaty of Brest Litovsk ends the war in the east between Russia and Germany