1. War Affects the World
Chapter 13 / Section 3

2. A Truly Global Conflict
By 1915, it was clear that this wasn’t going to be a quick war.
Allies War Strategy: Secure the Dardanelles. With control of this narrow strait felt they could take Constantinople. (Ottoman Empire)
This would help establish supply line to Russia.

4. A Truly Global Conflict (cont’d)
Known as the Gallipoli Campaign.
It started in Feb. 1915; by May it had turned into a stalemate.
By December the Allies gave up on this campaign and evacuated.
They had lost over 250k troops.
Imperialized countries fight on sides of those who imperialized them. (Ex: India for Britain)

5. Gallipoli Campaign

6. A Truly Global Conflict (cont’d)
By 1917, the war had shifted focus to the sea.
Germans start unrestricted submarine warfare, which is sinking of any ship in waters near Britain. WHY THIS?
Also Zimmermann Note intercepted
Last Straw, United States enters war April 2, 1917.

7. War Affects the Home Front
By 1917, Europe had been at war for nearly 3 years.
Europe had lost more men in battle than in all wars in the last 300 years
World War I became known as a total war, meaning all countries had devoted all resources to war.

8. War Affects the Home Front (cont’d)
Governments took control of countries resources. (Ex: factories)
Led to more women in workforce.
Lead to rationing, governments limiting amounts of good purchased
Governments also turn to propaganda, one-sided information to keep up morale of people.

9. Propaganda Posters

10. The Allies Win the War
By March, 1917 civil unrest leads to Russia withdrawing from the war.
Due to shortages and civil unrest.
Germany and Russia end war between each other was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
Harsh treaty for Russians.

11. The Allies Win the War (cont’d)
This allowed Germany to send all it troops to the Western Front.
Germany begins to win war again until the Battle of Marne.
The Allies with the aid of 140k fresh American troops dominate.
By July 1918 the Central Powers begin to crumble.

13. The Allies Win the War (cont’d)
By the fall of 1918 the war is over.
November 11, 1918 an armistice, is signed ending World War I.
Ends when French commander Foch meets with a German representative in a railway car to sign. Ends war after 4 years.