Immigration

 Immigration – when people move from one country to another country.  Between 1866 & 1915, more than 25 million immigrants moved to the U.S.

Push Factors  Conditions that drive people to leave their homes. 1. Scarce Land 2. Farm jobs lost to new machines 3. Revolution 4. Poverty and hard lives 5. Political and religious persecution. Persecution – To annoy or harass someone.

Pull Factors  Conditions that attract immigrants to a new area. 1. Promise of freedom and better life. 2. Family or friends already settled in the U.S. 3. Factory jobs available.

Pull Factors 1. Promise of freedom and better life. 2. Family or friends already settled in the U.S. 3. Factory jobs available.

Melting Pot  a mixture of people from different cultures and races who blend together by abandoning their native languages and cultures

Through the “Golden Door”  Europeans (East Coast) 1890’s immigrants from southern and eastern Europe  Reasons for leaving religious persecution rising populations reform and revolt

Ellis Island  Inspection station in NY Harbor Processed immigrants  physical examination by a doctordoctor  checked by a government inspector

Chinese and Japanese (West Coast)  Chinese gold rush built railroads, mined, farmed  Japanese recruited for Hawaiian farms 1898 annexation of Hawaii High American Wage

Angel Island  Inspection Station in San Francisco Endured harsh questioning and long detention

Other Nationalities  The West Indies limited jobs Heard about the economic boom in America  Mexico political turmoil newly created farmland in the southwest

Galveston  Inspection Station in Galveston Major port of entry before Ellis Island An estimated 200,000 immigrants entered America through Galveston from 1865 to 1924

Life in the New Land  Came by boat  Traveled in steerage Crowded conditions which allowed disease to spread quickly

Cooperation for Survival  Challenges find a place to live get a job try to understand the language and culture  Emergence of ethnic communities

The Crowded City  Many immigrants settled in the city  Most lived near family or friends Tenements: multifamily urban dwelling, usually overcrowded and unsanitary Overcrowding led to sanitation & safety problems Poverty made immigrants susceptible to corrupt politicians

Americanization Movement  education program designed to help immigrants assimilate to American culture History and English lessons Cooking and social etiquette

Immigration Restrictions  Nativism Nativism favoring the interest of native- born people over foreign-born people.  Introduction of Nativist groupsNativist groups Nativist did not object immigrants from the “right” countries

Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)  Banned the entry of Chinese immigrants for ten years  By 1902 Chinese immigration was restricted indefinitely