1. OBJECTIVES: 1. Why did immigration boom in the late 1800s? 2. How did immigrants adjust to life in the U.S.? 3. Why did anti-immigrant feeling grow?

2. Reasons for immigration I. Push Factors- Conditions that drive people from their homes A. Poverty, scarce land B. Political and religious persecution

3. II. Pull Factors- conditions that attract immigrants to a new area

4. A. Promise of freedom and better life

5. II. Pull Factors- conditions that attract immigrants to a new area A. Promise of freedom and better life B. Family or friends already in the U.S.

6. II. Pull Factors- conditions that attract immigrants to a new area A. Promise of freedom and better life B. Family or friends already in the U.S. C. Factory jobs available

7. III. The Long Voyage A. Steerage- airless rooms below decks of ships where 2000 people were stuffed-diseases spread

8. B. Europeans arrived in New York City- saw the Statue of Liberty, stopped at Ellis Island- where they had to pass a medical inspection

9. C. On the West Coast, immigrants from China and Japan traveled to Angel Island in San Francisco Bay

10. IV. Changing patterns of Immigration A. Before 1885- most immigrants from Northwest Europe: England, Ireland, Germany, Scandinavia

11. B. After 1885- many immigrants from Southeast Europe and Asia: Italy, Poland, Greece, Russia, Hungary, China

12. V. Adjusting to a New Land A. Most stayed in cities and lived in ethnic neighborhoods B. They were torn between old traditions and new American ways C. Assimilation- the process of becoming part of another culture

13. VI. NATIVISM A. Nativists wanted to limit immigration and preserve the country for native-born citizens 1. felt immigrants wouldn’t assimilate 2. afraid of immigrants taking away jobs B. Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 No Chinese laborer could enter the U.S. C.Gentlemen’s Agreement Limited Japanese agreement in return for U.S. promise to end Japanese segregation in American schools